mušti

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See also: musti

Lithuanian

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Etymology

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Of unclear origin.

Within Balto-Slavic, a connection can be drawn with Latvian mustavas (warping beam) (compare muštùvas), Slovene mašiti (fill, clog up), and perhaps Bulgarian му́ша (múša, stab, poke) < *moux-.[1] These forms point to Proto-Indo-European -s- and a root of *mews- (poke, beat); compare Sanskrit मुष्णाति (muṣṇāti, steal, break).

Another theory, espoused by Beekes,[2] suggests that the root is Proto-Indo-European *h₂muḱ-; compare Ancient Greek ἀμύσσω (amússō, scratch, tear), Latin mūcrō (sharp point), and perhaps Proto-Indo-Iranian *muštíš (fist). However, neither the semantic nor formal arguments make a convincing case for the Lithuanian term to belong here.[3]

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /ˈmʊʃ.tʲɪ/

Verb

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mùšti (third-person present tense mùša, third-person past tense mùšė)

  1. (transitive) to beat, strike, hit
    Nemušk draũgo, mùšk kamuoliùką. - Don't hit your friend, hit a ball.
    Kìlus áudrai, bañgos mùša į mòlą.When a storm comes up, the waves bash against the pier.
  2. (transitive) fight off, fight back (send an opponent into retreat)
    Bolševikai mùšė lénkus ir̃ sliñko į Váršuvą.The Bolsheviks fought back the Poles as they crept into Warsaw.
  3. (transitive, cooking) pound, tenderize (of meat)
  4. (intransitive) beat, throb, pulsate (of the heart)
    Širdìs mùša 90 kar̃tų per̃ minùtę.My heart is beating at 90 beats per minute.
  5. (intransitive) strike, chime (of clocks)
    Laĩkrodis mùša peñktą vãlandą vãkaro. - The clock strikes 5 p.m.
  6. (intransitive, shooting) shoot
    šautùvas tiksliaĩ mùša.The gun shoots accurately.
  7. (transitive, sports) score a goal
  8. (intransitive) burst out, erupt; rush
    Kaĩ àš stóviu añt galvõs, kraũjas mùša mán į gálvą.Blood rushes to my head when I stand on my head.

Conjugation

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Synonyms

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Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Zhanna Varbot (1973) “К реконструкции и этимологии некоторых праславянских глагольных основ и отглагольных имен. I [Towards a reconstruction and etymology of certain Proto-Slavic verbal bases and derivatives]”, in Этимология 1971, Moscow, page 11:*mъxnǫti, *mušiti
  2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  3. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “mušti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 326