咳
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
咳 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口卜女人 (RYVO), four-corner 60082, composition ⿰口亥)
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 187, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3555
- Dae Jaweon: page 406, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 622, character 4
- Unihan data for U+54B3
Chinese[edit]
Glyph origin[edit]
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
該 | *kɯː |
垓 | *kɯː |
賅 | *kɯː |
陔 | *kɯː |
豥 | *kɯː, *ɡɯː |
荄 | *kɯː, *krɯː |
郂 | *kɯː |
姟 | *kɯː |
絯 | *kɯː, *ɡrɯːʔ |
晐 | *kɯː |
峐 | *kɯː |
侅 | *kɯː, *kʰɯː, *ɡɯːʔ, *ɡrɯːʔ |
胲 | *kɯː |
頦 | *kɯːʔ, *ɡɯː |
奒 | *kʰɯː |
輆 | *kʰɯːʔ |
欬 | *kʰɯːɡs, *qraːds |
硋 | *ŋɡɯːɡs |
閡 | *ŋɡɯːɡs |
咳 | *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː |
孩 | *ɡɯː |
亥 | *ɡɯːʔ |
劾 | *ɡɯːɡs, *kʰrɯːɡs, *ɡɯːɡ |
痎 | *krɯː |
烗 | *kʰrɯːɡs |
骸 | *ɡrɯː |
駭 | *ɡrɯːʔ |
刻 | *kʰɯːɡ |
餩 | *qɯːɡ |
核 | *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː) : semantic 口 + phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ).
Pronunciation 1[edit]
simp. and trad. |
咳 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 欬 |
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ké
- Wade–Giles: kʻo2
- Yale: ké
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ker
- Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, obsolete)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kài
- Wade–Giles: kʻai4
- Yale: kài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kay
- Palladius: кай (kaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kat1 / koi3
- Yale: kāt / koi
- Cantonese Pinyin: kat7 / koi3
- Guangdong Romanization: ked1 / koi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɐt̚⁵/, /kʰɔːi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: koi3 - rare variant.
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet
- Hakka Romanization System: kied`
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat
- Hakka Romanization System: kiad`
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚²/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kai
- Tâi-lô: kai
- Phofsit Daibuun: kay
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kai⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kai³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kha
- Tâi-lô: kha
- Phofsit Daibuun: qaf
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰa⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
Note:
- kai - literary;
- ka - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hai6 / ga1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hăi / ka
- Sinological IPA (key): /hai³⁵/, /ka³³/
Note:
- hai6 - literary;
- ga1 - vernacular.
Definitions[edit]
咳
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Pronunciation 2[edit]
simp. and trad. |
咳 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 嗨 |
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄞ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hai
- Wade–Giles: hai1
- Yale: hāi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hai
- Palladius: хай (xaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xaɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: haai1 / hei1
- Yale: hāai / hēi
- Cantonese Pinyin: haai1 / hei1
- Guangdong Romanization: hai1 / héi1
- Sinological IPA (key): /haːi̯⁵⁵/, /hei̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
Definitions[edit]
咳
- Used to express sorrow, remorse, or surprise.
Compounds[edit]
Pronunciation 3[edit]
simp. and trad. |
咳 |
---|
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hái
- Wade–Giles: hai2
- Yale: hái
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hair
- Palladius: хай (xaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xaɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hoi4
- Yale: hòih
- Cantonese Pinyin: hoi4
- Guangdong Romanization: hoi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔːi̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: hoj
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯː/
Definitions[edit]
咳
- (of infant) to laugh; to cackle
- Alternative form of 孩 (hái, “child; infant”)
- interjection for sighing or order
- Alternative form of 閡/阂 (“to be cut off from”)
Pronunciation 4[edit]
simp. and trad. |
咳 |
---|
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kak1
- Yale: kāk
- Cantonese Pinyin: kak7
- Guangdong Romanization: keg1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɐk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions[edit]
咳
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
咳
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: がい (gai); け (ke); げ (ge)
- Kan-on: かい (kai)
- Kan’yō-on: がい (gai)
- Kun: せく (seku, 咳く); せき (seki, 咳); しわぶく (shiwabuku, 咳く); しわぶき (shiwabuki, 咳)
Etymology[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
咳 |
せき Hyōgaiji |
kun’yomi |
From the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb せく (“to cough”).[1] Cognate with 堰 (seki, “dam”).[2][3][4]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- a cough
- 咳が出る ― seki ga deru ― I have a cough.
References[edit]
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
咳: Hán Nôm readings: cay, hãy, hỡi, khái, gay, gây
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
References[edit]
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