零: difference between revisions
m clean up some labels; add missing space after *; {{zh-noun}} -> {{head|zh|noun}}, {{zh-hanzi}} -> {{head|zh|hanzi}} per WT:RFDO#All templates in Category:Chinese headword-line templates except Template:zh-noun, WT:RFDO#Template:zh-noun; fix some lang codes (manually assisted) |
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===Alternative forms=== |
===Alternative forms=== |
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In Japan, Korea and Traditional Chinese {{w|jiu zixing}}, the bottom component |
In Japan, Korea and Traditional Chinese {{w|jiu zixing}}, the bottom component {{l|mul|令}} is written {{l|mul|亼}} + {{l|mul|𰆊}}, similar to its {{w|Kangxi dictionary}} form. In {{w|traditional Chinese}} as defined by Taiwan MOE and Hong Kong CLIAC, {{l|mul|令}} is written {{l|mul|亼}} + {{l|mul|マ}}. In {{w|simplified Chinese}}, the component {{l|mul|令}} is written {{l|mul|亽}} + {{l|mul|マ}}. |
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===Han character=== |
===Han character=== |
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{{Han char|rn=173|rad=雨|as=05|sn=13|four=10307|canj=MBOII|ids=⿱[[雨|⻗]][[令]]}} |
{{Han char|rn=173|rad=雨|as=05|sn=13|four=10307|canj=MBOII|ids=⿱[[雨|⻗]][[令]]}} |
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====Derived characters==== |
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* {{l|mul|[[㩕]] [[㬡]] [[㯪]] [[澪]] [[燯]] [[鿅]] [[䌢]] [[䙥]] [[䴫]] [[䴇]] [[蕶]]}} |
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* {{l|mul|[[𠏡]] [[𠟨]] [[𨞖]] [[𪞮]] [[𨗺]] [[𤖜]] [[𤾨]] [[𥋞]] [[𥖟]] [[𥢴]] [[𥼸]] [[𦪩]] [[𨆖]] [[𨣖]] [[𨭭]] [[𩁎]] [[𩟃]] [[𩪥]] [[𪋪]]}} |
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* {{l|mul|[[𮋔]] [[𮘿]]}} |
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====References==== |
====References==== |
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{{Han ref|kx=1372.100|dkj=42242|dj=1880.050|hdz=64061.010|uh=96F6}} |
{{Han ref|kx=1372.100|dkj=42242|dj=1880.050|hdz=64061.010|uh=96F6}} |
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{{Han ref|uh=F9B2}} |
{{Han ref|uh=F9B2}} |
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---- |
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==Chinese== |
==Chinese== |
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{{zh-forms|ss=⿱⿻丅⿱冖⿰丶丶令|alt=𠏡,𡈍,𤅫,𥥋,𮖿,𩂙,霗,𩃞,𩅶,𩆖,𩆼,⿳⻗人𰆊}} |
{{zh-forms|ss=⿱⿻丅⿱冖⿰丶丶令|alt=〇-zero,𠏡,𡈍,𤅫,𥥋,𮖿,𩂙,霗,𩃞,𩅶,𩆖,𩆼,⿳⻗人𰆊}} |
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===Glyph origin=== |
===Glyph origin=== |
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|m-s=nin2 |
|m-s=nin2 |
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|dg=лин1 |
|dg=лин1 |
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|c=ling4,leng4,leng4-2 |
|c=ling4,leng4,leng4-2,leng4-1 |
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|c_note=ling4 - literary; leng4, leng4-2 - vernacular (small remaining quantity) |
|c_note=ling4 - literary; leng4, leng4-2, leng4-1 - vernacular (small remaining quantity) |
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|c-t=len3,liang3,liang3* |
|c-t=len3,liang3,liang3* |
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|c-t_note=len3 - literary; liang3, liang3* - vernacular (small remaining quantity) |
|c-t_note=len3 - literary; liang3, liang3* - vernacular (small remaining quantity) |
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|mn-t=lêng5/lang5 |
|mn-t=lêng5/lang5 |
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|mn-t_note=lêng5 - literary; lang5 - vernacular (“fragmentary”) |
|mn-t_note=lêng5 - literary; lang5 - vernacular (“fragmentary”) |
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|w=sh:6lin;sz:2lin |
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|w=3lin |
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|x=lin2 |
|x=lin2 |
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|mc=2+3 |
|mc=2+3 |
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====Definitions==== |
====Definitions==== |
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{{zh |
{{head|zh|hanzi}} |
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# [[fragmentary]]; [[scattered]] |
# [[fragmentary]]; [[scattered]] |
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#: {{zh-x|零星|fragmentary}} |
#: {{zh-x|零星|fragmentary|tr='''líng'''xīng}} |
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# [[fraction]]; [[remainder]] |
# [[fraction]]; [[remainder]] |
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# {{senseid|zh|Q204}} [[zero]] {{defdate|from 1248}} |
# {{senseid|zh|Q204}} [[zero]] {{defdate|from 1248}} |
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#: {{zh-x|一 減 一 等於 零。|One minus one equals '''zero'''.}} |
#: {{zh-x|一 減 一 等於 零。|One minus one equals '''zero'''.|tr=Yī jiǎn yī děngyú '''líng'''.}} |
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#: {{zh-x|三 點 零 五 分|three '''oh''' five}} |
#: {{zh-x|三 點 零 五 分|three '''oh''' five|tr=sān diǎn '''líng''' wǔ fēn }} |
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#: {{zh-x|七 百 零 三|seven hundred and three}} |
#: {{zh-x|七 百 零 三|seven hundred and three|tr=qī bǎi '''líng''' sān}} |
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#: {{zh-x|二-零-零-一 年|year 2'''00'''1}} |
#: {{zh-x|二-零-零-一 年|year 2'''00'''1|tr=èrlíng'''líng'''yī nián}} |
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#: {{zh-x|從 零 開始|Start from scratch}} |
#: {{zh-x|從 零 開始|Start from scratch|tr=cóng '''líng''' kāishǐ }} |
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#: {{zh-alt-inline|〇}} |
#: {{zh-alt-inline|〇}} |
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#: {{ |
#: {{hyper|zh|實數|有理數|整數}} |
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#: {{ |
#: {{cot|zh|正數|負數}} |
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# {{lb|zh|Cantonese|Hakka| |
# {{lb|zh|Cantonese|Hakka|Northern Min|Eastern Min}} {{n-g|Used after a number or a classifier to express a small remaining quantity.}} |
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#: {{zh-x|廿 零{leng4} 蚊|twenty-'''something''' dollars|C}} |
#: {{zh-x|廿 零{leng4} 蚊|twenty-'''something''' dollars|C|tr=jaa6 '''leng4''' man1}} |
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#: {{zh-x|分 零{leng4} 兩 分鐘|one to two minutes|C}} |
#: {{zh-x|分 零{leng4} 兩 分鐘|one to two minutes|C|tr=fan1 '''leng4''' loeng5 fan1 zung1}} |
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#: {{zh-x|七十 零{leng4-2}|seventy-'''something'''|C}} |
#: {{zh-x|七十 零{leng4-2}|seventy-'''something'''|C|tr=cat1 sap6 '''leng4-2'''}} |
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# {{lb|zh|gay slang}} [[bottom]] |
# {{lb|zh|gay slang}} [[bottom]] |
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#: {{zh-alt-inline|0}} |
#: {{zh-alt-inline|0}} |
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# {{lb|zh|obsolete}} [[drizzle]] |
# {{lb|zh|obsolete}} [[drizzle]] |
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# {{lb|zh|of precipitation or tears}} to [[fall]] |
# {{senseid|zh|to fall}} {{lb|zh|literary|of precipitation or tears}} to [[fall]] |
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#: {{zh-x|感激涕零|grateful to tears}} |
#: {{zh-x|感激涕零|grateful to tears|tr=gǎnjītì'''líng'''}} |
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#* {{zh-x|念 彼 共 人,涕 零 如 雨。|I think of those [at court] in their offices,<br>And my tears '''flow down''' like rain.|ref=Shijing}} |
#* {{zh-x|念 彼 共 人,涕 零 如 雨。|I think of those [at court] in their offices,<br>And my tears '''flow down''' like rain.|ref=Shijing}} |
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#* {{zh-x|今 當 遠離,臨 表 涕 零,不 知 所 言。|Now I must leave [for battle] far away. As I face this memorial, my tears '''fall''', and I know not what I have said.|ref='''227''', {{lw|zh|諸葛亮}} ({{w|Zhuge Liang|Zhuge Liang}}), {{lw|zh|s:zh:前出師表|前出師表}} ({{w|Chu Shi Biao|Former ''Chu Shi Biao''}})|CL}} |
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# {{lb|zh|of plants or flowers}} to [[wither]] and [[fall]] |
# {{lb|zh|of plants or flowers}} to [[wither]] and [[fall]] |
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#: {{zh-x|凋零|to wither and fall}} |
#: {{zh-x|凋'''零'''|to wither and fall|tr=diāolíng}} |
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# {{lb|zh|Cantonese|argot|in {{m|yue|之辰代碼}}}} [[six]] |
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#: {{zh-co|斗零{ling4-2}|five-cent coin|lit=[coin with mass of] 3 [[candareen]]s and '''6''' [[cash]]|C}} |
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# {{surname|zh}} |
# {{surname|zh}} |
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=====Synonyms===== |
=====Synonyms===== |
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{{zh-dial|零}} |
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* {{see derivation subpage|Drizzle, fall, fragmentary}} |
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====Compounds==== |
====Compounds==== |
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{{der3|zh|一零兒//一零儿|丁零|七零九|七零九所|七零八散|七零八落|三零四散|不零不搭|不零不落|五零四散|先零|凋零|化整為零//化整为零|化零為整//化零为整|半零不落|合零為整//合零为整|奇零|孤孤零零|孤苦零丁|孤零零|家業凋零//家业凋零|小零兒//小零儿|彫零|感激涕零|手零腳碎//手零脚碎|拆零|抹零|拾零|掛零//挂零|書劍飄零//书剑飘零|有零|望秋先零|東零西散//东零西散|東零西落//东零西落|歸零//归零|涕淚交零//涕泪交零|涕零|淅留淅零|淋零|淅零淅留|淅零零|湖海飄零//湖海飘零|滴零搭拉|漂零蓬斷//漂零蓬断|琴劍飄零//琴剑飘零|畸零|畸零地|破零三亂//破零三乱|破零二落|稀零|粉零麻碎|絕對零度//绝对零度|藕零兒//藕零儿|雞零狗碎//鸡零狗碎|雨零星散|零丁|零七八碎|零丁孤苦|零丁洋|零下|零亂//零乱|零付款|零件|零係數//零系数|零利|零吃|零和|零售|零售價//零售价|零售價格//零售价格|零售商|零售市場//零售市场|零售店|零售業//零售业|零售點//零售点|零嘴|零基預算//零基预算|零存整付|零工|零布|零座|零庫存//零库存|零打碎敲|零散|零敲碎打|零數//零数|零方案|零星|零時//零时|零替|零活|零淚//零泪|零用|零用金|零用錢/零用钱|零碎|零碼//零码|零稅率//零税率|零組件//零组件|零線//零线|零缺點//零缺点|零聲母//零声母|零股交易|零花|零落|零落山丘|零賣//零卖|零部件|零配件|零錢//零钱|零雨|零零七|零零散散|零零星星|零零碎碎|零零落落|零頭//零头|零食|零餘子//零余子|零點//零点|飄零//飘零}} |
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* {{see derivation subpage|Drizzle, fall, fragmentary}} |
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====Descendants==== |
====Descendants==== |
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====Definitions==== |
====Definitions==== |
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{{zh |
{{head|zh|hanzi}} |
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# {{zh-only|先零||西零}} |
# {{zh-only|先零/先零||西零/西零}} |
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===References=== |
===References=== |
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* {{R:yue:Hanzi}} |
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}} |
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{{zh-cat|Beginning|LGBT|Zero}} |
[[Category:Beginning Mandarin|雨05]][[Category:zh:LGBT|雨05]][[Category:zh:Zero|雨05]] <!-- {{zh-cat|Beginning|LGBT|Zero}} --> |
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{{cln|zh|cardinal numbers|numeral symbols|numerals}} |
[[Category:Chinese cardinal numbers|雨05]][[Category:Chinese numeral symbols|雨05]][[Category:Chinese numerals|雨05]] <!-- {{cln|zh|cardinal numbers|numeral symbols|numerals}} --> |
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---- |
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==Japanese== |
==Japanese== |
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====Compounds==== |
====Compounds==== |
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{{der-top3|Compounds}} |
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{{col2-u|ja |
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{{ja-r/multi|data= |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%雨|れい%う}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%下|れい%か}}: [[sub-zero]] |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%砕|れい%さい}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%細|れい%さい}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%散|れい%さん}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%星|れい%せい}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%戦|^れい%せん}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%楮|れい%ちょ}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%凋|れい%ちょう}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%丁|れい%てい}} ({{ja-r|令%丁|れい%てい|rom=-}}) |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%点|れい%てん}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%度|れい%ど}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%敗|れい%はい}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%廃|れい%はい}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%買|れい%ばい}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%売|れい%ばい}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%封|れい%ふう}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%墨|れい%ぼく}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%本|れい%ほん}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%余|れい%よ}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%落|れい%らく}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%乱|れい%らん}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%涙|れい%るい}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%露|れい%ろ}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%戦|^ゼロ%せん}} |
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* {{ja-r/args|零%和|ゼロ%わ}}: [[zero-sum]] |
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* {{ja-r/args|先%零|^せん%れん}} |
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}} |
}} |
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{{der-bottom}} |
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===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
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{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=kanon|れい}} |
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=kanon|れい}} |
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From {{der|ja|ltc |
From {{der|ja|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|零|id=2}} with an original meaning of ''a small rainfall''. The character was later repurposed in 1248 by mathematician [[w:Li Ye (mathematician)|Li Ye]] as a placeholder, extending from its ''a little bit (of rain)'' meaning to indicate ''a bit more remaining''. In Li Ye's notation, a number like 302 would be represented as {{m|zh|三}}{{m|zh|百}}{{m|zh|零}}{{m|zh|二}}, literally ''three hundred '''and remaining''' two'', with the {{m|zh|零}} character used as a means of skipping the tens place, by indicating ''zero'' tens.<ref>'''1999''', {{lang|ja|「算木」を超えた男: もう一つの近代数学の誕生と関孝和}} (''"Sangi" o Koeta Otoko: Mō Hitotsu no Kindai Sūgaku no Tanjō to Seki Takakazu'', “The Man Who Went Beyond 'Counting Sticks': The Birth of Another Modern Mathematics, and Seki Takakazu”) (in Japanese), Wang Qing-xiang, [[w:Tokyo|Tōkyō]]: [https://web.archive.org/web/20071025052930/http://www.toyoshoten.co.jp/ Toyo Shoten], {{ISBN|4-88595-226-3}}</ref> It would thus implicitly take on the meaning of {{m|en|zero}}. |
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====Alternative forms==== |
====Alternative forms==== |
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====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
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{{ja-pron |
{{ja-pron|れい|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}} |
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====Noun==== |
====Noun==== |
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[[Category:Japanese numeral symbols|0]] |
[[Category:Japanese numeral symbols|0]] |
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---- |
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==Korean== |
==Korean== |
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===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
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From {{der|ko|ltc|sort=령 |
From {{der|ko|ltc|-|sort=령}} {{ltc-l|零|id=2+3}}. |
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====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
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{{ko-hanja|떨어지다|떨어질|령||영}} |
{{ko-hanja|떨어지다|떨어질|령||영}} |
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# [[zero]] |
# {{hanja form of|[[령]]/[[영]]|[[zero]]}} |
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=====Compounds===== |
=====Compounds===== |
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===Etymology 2=== |
===Etymology 2=== |
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From {{der|ko|ltc|sort=련 |
From {{der|ko|ltc|-|sort=련}} {{ltc-l|零|id=1}}. |
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====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
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{{ko-hanja|[[종족]] [[이름]]|련||연}} |
{{ko-hanja|[[종족]] [[이름]]|련||연}} |
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# {{rfdef|ko|sort=련}} |
# {{rfdef|ko|sort=련|langname=Korean}} |
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===References=== |
===References=== |
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* {{R:hanjadoc|13787}} |
* {{R:hanjadoc|13787}} |
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* {{R:zonmal|38646}} |
* {{R:zonmal|38646}} |
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---- |
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==Vietnamese== |
==Vietnamese== |
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{{vi-readings|readings=lênh,linh,rinh|rs=雨05}} |
{{vi-readings|readings=lênh,linh,rinh|rs=雨05}} |
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# {{rfdef|vi|sort=雨05}} |
# {{rfdef|vi|sort=雨05|langname=Vietnamese}} |
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{{cln|vi|numeral symbols}} |
Revision as of 18:59, 27 March 2024
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Translingual
Traditional | 零 |
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Simplified | 零 |
Japanese | 零 |
Korean | 零 |
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Alternative forms
In Japan, Korea and Traditional Chinese jiu zixing, the bottom component 令 is written 亼 + 𰆊, similar to its Kangxi dictionary form. In traditional Chinese as defined by Taiwan MOE and Hong Kong CLIAC, 令 is written 亼 + マ. In simplified Chinese, the component 令 is written 亽 + マ.
Han character
零 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一月人戈戈 (MBOII), four-corner 10307, composition ⿱⻗令)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1372, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42242
- Dae Jaweon: page 1880, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4061, character 1
- Unihan data for U+96F6
Chinese
trad. | 零 | |
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simp. # | 零 | |
2nd round simp. | ⿱⿻丅⿱冖⿰丶丶令 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 零 | |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
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令 | *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs |
怜 | *riːn, *reːŋ |
零 | *riːŋ, *reːŋ, *reːŋs |
魿 | *ɡriŋ, *reːŋ |
命 | *mreŋs |
冷 | *raːŋʔ, *reːŋ, *reːŋʔ |
跉 | *reŋ, *reːŋ |
嶺 | *reŋʔ |
領 | *reŋʔ |
阾 | *reŋʔ, *reːŋ |
柃 | *reŋʔ, *reːŋ |
袊 | *reŋʔ |
詅 | *reŋs, *reːŋ |
旍 | *ʔsleŋ |
舲 | *reːŋ |
齡 | *reːŋ |
囹 | *reːŋ |
鴒 | *reːŋ |
蛉 | *reːŋ |
鈴 | *reːŋ |
苓 | *reːŋ |
伶 | *reːŋ |
泠 | *reːŋ |
瓴 | *reːŋ |
拎 | *reːŋ |
刢 | *reːŋ |
玲 | *reːŋ |
聆 | *reːŋ |
竛 | *reːŋ |
軨 | *reːŋ |
笭 | *reːŋ, *reːŋʔ |
翎 | *reːŋ |
閝 | *reːŋ |
鹷 | *reːŋ |
昤 | *reːŋ |
駖 | *reːŋ |
彾 | *reːŋ |
呤 | *reːŋ |
狑 | *reːŋ |
秢 | *reːŋ |
岭 | *reːŋ |
紷 | *reːŋ |
砱 | *reːŋ |
羚 | *reːŋ |
姈 | *reːŋ |
蕶 | *reːŋ |
澪 | *reːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *riːŋ, *reːŋ, *reːŋs) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs). On the oracle bone script, only thick raindrops are depicted falling from the sky.
Etymology 1
Unclear. Schuessler (2007) proposes several possibilities:
- From Austroasiatic; compare Khmer ភ្លៀង (phliəng, “rain”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *(p)liɲ ~ *(p)liəɲ ~ (p)liiɲ (“sky, rain”).
- Possibly related to Jingpho marang (“rain”), for which STEDT sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-raŋ (“rain”). Starostin also relates it to this Jingpho word and sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rēŋ (“to drop”), also comparing Tibetan སྤྲིན (sprin, “cloud”) and Burmese ရည် (rany, “liquid; juice”).
- Possibly related to 隕 (OC *ɢunʔ, “to drop”) and 霣 (OC *ɢunʔ, “to rain; to fall down like rain”) if one assumes Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/s/g-wa (“water; rain”) (or its variant *rwe-) can be simplified to *re- and *we-.
Sense "zero" is introduced in 1248 by Chinese mathematician Li Ye.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nin2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лин (lin, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): lin4 / liang4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ling1
- Northern Min (KCR): lâing
- Eastern Min (BUC): lìng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 6lin / 2lin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lin2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: líng
- Wade–Giles: ling2
- Yale: líng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ling
- Palladius: лин (lin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /liŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: nin2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lin
- Sinological IPA (key): /nin²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лин (lin, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /liŋ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ling4 / leng4 / leng4-2 / leng4-1
- Yale: lìhng / lèhng / léng / lēng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ling4 / leng4 / leng4-2 / leng4-1
- Guangdong Romanization: ling4 / léng4 / léng4-2 / léng4-1
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɪŋ²¹/, /lɛːŋ²¹/, /lɛːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/, /lɛːŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- ling4 - literary;
- leng4, leng4-2, leng4-1 - vernacular (small remaining quantity).
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: len3 / liang3 / liang3*
- Sinological IPA (key): /len²²/, /liaŋ²²/, /liaŋ²²⁻²²⁵/
- len3 - literary;
- liang3, liang3* - vernacular (small remaining quantity).
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: lin4 / liang4
- Sinological IPA (key): /lin³⁵/, /liaŋ³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- lin4 - literary;
- liang4 - vernacular.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: làng
- Hakka Romanization System: langˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: lang2
- Sinological IPA: /laŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ling1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /lĩŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lâing
- Sinological IPA (key): /laiŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lìng
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃iŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- lêng - literary;
- lân - vernacular (“fragmentary”).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: lêng5 / lang5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lêng / lâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /leŋ⁵⁵/, /laŋ⁵⁵/
- lêng5 - literary;
- lang5 - vernacular (“fragmentary”).
- Middle Chinese: leng, lengH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤiŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*reːŋ/, /*reːŋs/
Definitions
零
- fragmentary; scattered
- 零星 ― língxīng ― fragmentary
- fraction; remainder
- zero [from 1248]
- 一減一等於零。/一减一等于零。 ― Yī jiǎn yī děngyú líng. ― One minus one equals zero.
- 三點零五分/三点零五分 ― sān diǎn líng wǔ fēn ― three oh five
- 七百零三 ― qī bǎi líng sān ― seven hundred and three
- 二零零一年 ― èrlínglíngyī nián ― year 2001
- 從零開始/从零开始 ― cóng líng kāishǐ ― Start from scratch
- alt. forms: 〇
- Hypernyms: 實數/实数 (shíshù), 有理數/有理数 (yǒulǐshù), 整數/整数 (zhěngshù)
- Coordinate terms: 正數/正数 (zhèngshù), 負數/负数 (fùshù)
- (Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Eastern Min) Used after a number or a classifier to express a small remaining quantity.
- (gay slang) bottom
- alt. forms: 0
- (obsolete) drizzle
- (literary, of precipitation or tears) to fall
- 感激涕零 ― gǎnjītìlíng ― grateful to tears
- 念彼共人,涕零如雨。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Niàn bǐ gòng rén, tì líng rú yǔ. [Pinyin]
- I think of those [at court] in their offices,
And my tears flow down like rain.
- 今當遠離,臨表涕零,不知所言。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 227, 諸葛亮 (Zhūgě Liàng) (Zhuge Liang), 前出師表 (Former Chu Shi Biao)
- Jīn dāng yuǎnlí, lín biǎo tì líng, bù zhī suǒ yán. [Pinyin]
- Now I must leave [for battle] far away. As I face this memorial, my tears fall, and I know not what I have said.
今当远离,临表涕零,不知所言。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (of plants or flowers) to wither and fall
- 凋零 ― diāolíng ― to wither and fall
- (Cantonese, cant, in 之辰代碼/之辰代码) six
- 斗零 [Cantonese] ― dau2 ling4-2 [Jyutping] ― five-cent coin (literally, “[coin with mass of] 3 candareens and 6 cash”)
- a surname
Synonyms
Compounds
- 一零兒/一零儿
- 丁零 (dīnglíng)
- 七零九 (Qīlíngjiǔ)
- 七零九所 (Qīlíngjiǔsuǒ)
- 七零八散
- 七零八落 (qīlíngbāluò)
- 三零四散
- 不零不搭
- 不零不落
- 五零四散
- 先零
- 凋零 (diāolíng)
- 化整為零/化整为零 (huàzhěngwéilíng)
- 化零為整/化零为整
- 半零不落
- 合零為整/合零为整
- 奇零 (jīlíng)
- 孤孤零零
- 孤苦零丁 (gūkǔlíngdīng)
- 孤零零
- 家業凋零/家业凋零
- 小零兒/小零儿
- 彫零/雕零
- 感激涕零 (gǎnjītìlíng)
- 手零腳碎/手零脚碎
- 抹零
- 拆零 (chāilíng)
- 拾零 (shílíng)
- 掛零/挂零
- 書劍飄零/书剑飘零
- 有零 (yǒulíng)
- 望秋先零
- 東零西散/东零西散
- 東零西落/东零西落
- 歸零/归零 (guīlíng)
- 涕淚交零/涕泪交零
- 涕零 (tìlíng)
- 淅留淅零
- 淋零
- 淅零淅留
- 淅零零
- 湖海飄零/湖海飘零
- 滴零搭拉
- 漂零蓬斷/漂零蓬断
- 琴劍飄零/琴剑飘零
- 畸零
- 畸零地
- 破零三亂/破零三乱
- 破零二落
- 稀零 (xīlíng)
- 粉零麻碎
- 絕對零度/绝对零度 (juéduì língdù)
- 藕零兒/藕零儿
- 雞零狗碎/鸡零狗碎
- 雨零星散
- 零丁 (língdīng)
- 零七八碎
- 零丁孤苦
- 零丁洋 (Língdīngyáng)
- 零下 (língxià)
- 零亂/零乱 (língluàn)
- 零付款
- 零件 (língjiàn)
- 零係數/零系数
- 零利
- 零吃 (língchī)
- 零和 (línghé)
- 零售 (língshòu)
- 零售價/零售价 (língshòujià)
- 零售價格/零售价格
- 零售商 (língshòushāng)
- 零售市場/零售市场
- 零售店 (língshòudiàn)
- 零售業/零售业 (língshòuyè)
- 零售點/零售点
- 零嘴 (língzuǐ)
- 零基預算/零基预算
- 零存整付
- 零工 (línggōng)
- 零布
- 零座
- 零庫存/零库存
- 零打碎敲
- 零散
- 零敲碎打
- 零數/零数
- 零方案
- 零星 (língxīng)
- 零時/零时
- 零替
- 零活 (línghuó)
- 零淚/零泪
- 零用 (língyòng)
- 零用金
- 零用錢/零用钱
- 零碎 (língsuì)
- 零碼/零码
- 零稅率/零税率
- 零組件/零组件 (língzǔjiàn)
- 零線/零线 (língxiàn)
- 零缺點/零缺点
- 零聲母/零声母 (língshēngmǔ)
- 零股交易
- 零花 (línghuā)
- 零落 (língluò)
- 零落山丘
- 零賣/零卖
- 零部件 (língbùjiàn)
- 零配件
- 零錢/零钱 (língqián)
- 零雨
- 零零七
- 零零散散
- 零零星星 (línglíngxīngxīng)
- 零零碎碎
- 零零落落
- 零頭/零头 (língtóu)
- 零食 (língshí)
- 零餘子/零余子
- 零點/零点 (língdiǎn)
- 飄零/飘零 (piāolíng)
Descendants
Others:
See also
Chinese numbers | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 106 | 108 | 1012 | |
Normal (小寫/小写) |
〇, 零, 空 | 一, 蜀 | 二, 兩/两 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬/万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) |
百萬/百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines) |
億/亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億/万亿 (Mainland China) |
Financial (大寫/大写) |
零 | 壹 | 貳/贰 | 參/叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸/陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 |
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lián
- Wade–Giles: lien2
- Yale: lyán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lian
- Palladius: лянь (ljanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li̯ɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: lin4
- Yale: lìhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: lin4
- Guangdong Romanization: lin4
- Sinological IPA (key): /liːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: len
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*riːŋ/
Definitions
零
References
- “零”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
0 | 1 > | |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : 零 | ||
Kanji
Readings
From Middle Chinese 零 (MC leng); compare Mandarin 零 (líng):
From Middle Chinese 零 (MC len); compare Mandarin 零 (lián):
From native Japanese roots:
- Kun: あゆ (ayu, 零ゆ); あえる (aeru, 零える); あえす (aesu, 零えす); あやす (ayasu, 零やす); おちる (ochiru, 零ちる); こぼす (kobosu, 零す); こぼる (koboru, 零る); こぼれる (koboreru, 零れる); しずく (shizuku, 零)←しづく (siduku, 零, historical); ゼロ (zero, 零)
Compounds
- 零雨 (reiu)
- 零下 (reika): sub-zero
- 零砕 (reisai)
- 零細 (reisai)
- 零散 (reisan)
- 零星 (reisei)
- 零戦 (Reisen)
- 零楮 (reicho)
- 零凋 (reichō)
- 零丁 (reitei) (令丁)
- 零点 (reiten)
- 零度 (reido)
- 零敗 (reihai)
- 零廃 (reihai)
- 零買 (reibai)
- 零売 (reibai)
- 零封 (reifū)
- 零墨 (reiboku)
- 零本 (reihon)
- 零余 (reiyo)
- 零落 (reiraku)
- 零乱 (reiran)
- 零涙 (reirui)
- 零露 (reiro)
- 零戦 (Zerosen)
- 零和 (zerowa): zero-sum
- 先零 (Senren)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
零 |
れい Grade: S |
kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 零 (MC leng) with an original meaning of a small rainfall. The character was later repurposed in 1248 by mathematician Li Ye as a placeholder, extending from its a little bit (of rain) meaning to indicate a bit more remaining. In Li Ye's notation, a number like 302 would be represented as 三百零二 (èr), literally three hundred and remaining two, with the 零 character used as a means of skipping the tens place, by indicating zero tens.[1] It would thus implicitly take on the meaning of zero.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Noun
Numeral
Usage notes
The 〇 spelling is more common in numeric notation.
Proper noun
- a male given name
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
零 |
こぼ(し) Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 零 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 零, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
零 |
こぼ(れ) Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 零 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 零, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
---|
零 |
ぜろ Grade: S (ateji) |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 零 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 零, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
- ^ 1999, 「算木」を超えた男: もう一つの近代数学の誕生と関孝和 ("Sangi" o Koeta Otoko: Mō Hitotsu no Kindai Sūgaku no Tanjō to Seki Takakazu, “The Man Who Went Beyond 'Counting Sticks': The Birth of Another Modern Mathematics, and Seki Takakazu”) (in Japanese), Wang Qing-xiang, Tōkyō: Toyo Shoten, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Japanese numbers | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
Regular | 零 (rei) 零 (zero) |
一 (ichi) | 二 (ni) | 三 (san) | 四 (yon) 四 (shi) |
五 (go) | 六 (roku) | 七 (nana) 七 (shichi) |
八 (hachi) | 九 (kyū) 九 (ku) |
十 (jū) |
Formal | 壱 (ichi) | 弐 (ni) | 参 (san) | 拾 (jū) | |||||||
90 | 100 | 300 | 600 | 800 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 8,000 | 10,000 | 100,000,000 | ||
Regular | 九十 (kyūjū) | 百 (hyaku) 一百 (ippyaku) |
三百 (sanbyaku) | 六百 (roppyaku) | 八百 (happyaku) | 千 (sen) 一千 (issen) |
三千 (sanzen) | 八千 (hassen) | 一万 (ichiman) | 一億 (ichioku) | |
Formal | 一萬 (ichiman) | ||||||||||
1012 | 8×1012 | 1013 | 1016 | 6×1016 | 8×1016 | 1017 | 1018 | ||||
一兆 (itchō) | 八兆 (hatchō) | 十兆 (jutchō) | 一京 (ikkei) | 六京 (rokkei) | 八京 (hakkei) | 十京 (jukkei) | 百京 (hyakkei) |
Korean
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 零 (MC leng|lengH).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾjʌ̹ŋ] ~ [jʌ̹ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [령/영]
Hanja
零 (eumhun 떨어질 령 (tteoreojil ryeong), word-initial (South Korea) 떨어질 영 (tteoreojil yeong))
Compounds
- 영간 (零簡, yeonggan)
- 영견 (零絹, yeonggyeon)
- 영견잔묵 (零絹殘墨, yeonggyeonjanmuk)
- 영도 (零度, yeongdo)
- 영락 (零落, yeongnak)
- 영락소지 (零落掃地, yeongnaksoji)
- 영령쇄쇄 (零靈碎碎, yeongnyeongswaeswae)
- 영령쇄쇄 (零零碎碎, yeongnyeongswaeswae)
- 영령쇄쇄 (零零瑣瑣, yeongnyeongswaeswae)
- 영로 (零露, yeongno)
- 영루 (零淚, yeongnu)
- 영매 (靈買, yeongmae)
- 영매 (靈賣, yeongmae)
- 영매소 (零賣所, yeongmaeso)
- 영묵 (零墨, yeongmuk)
- 영본 (零本, yeongbon)
- 영산 (零散, yeongsan)
- 영상 (零上, yeongsang)
- 영선 (零羨, yeongseon)
- 영성 (零星, yeongseong)
- 영세 (零細, yeongse)
- 영쇄 (零碎, yeongswae)
- 영쇄 (零瑣, yeongswae)
- 영시 (零時, yeongsi)
- 영여 (零餘, yeong'yeo)
- 영염 (零染, yeong'yeom)
- 영우 (零雨, yeong'u)
- 영원 (零元, yeong'won)
- 영잔 (零殘, yeongjan)
- 영재 (零在, yeongjae)
- 영적 (零賊, yeongjeok)
- 영전 (零錢, yeongjeon)
- 영점 (零點, yeongjeom)
- 영정 (零丁, yeongjeong)
- 영정고고 (零丁孤苦, yeongjeonggogo)
- 영제 (零濟, yeongje)
- 영조 (零凋, yeongjo)
- 영조 (零糶, yeongjo)
- 영조 (零條, yeongjo)
- 영즉필휴 (零則必虧, yeongjeukpilhyu)
- 영체 (零替, yeongche)
- 영추 (零墜, yeongchu)
- 영축 (零縮, yeongchuk)
- 영타 (零唾, yeongta)
- 영하 (零下, yeongha)
- 영헐 (零歇, yeongheol)
- 고고영정 (孤苦零丁, gogoyeongjeong)
- 단간영묵 (斷簡零墨, dan'ganyeongmuk)
- 자령 (自零, jaryeong)
- 정령 (丁零, jeongnyeong)
- 조령 (凋零, joryeong)
- 칠령팔락 (七零八落, chillyeongpallak)
- 표령 (飄零, pyoryeong)
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 零 (MC len).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾjʌ̹n] ~ [jʌ̹n]
- Phonetic hangul: [련/연]
Hanja
零 (eumhun 종족 이름 련 (jongjok ireum ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 종족 이름 연 (jongjok ireum yeon))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
- Zonmal.com Hanja Dictionary (존말닷컴 한자사전/漢字辭典) (2002-2005). [3]
Vietnamese
Han character
零: Hán Nôm readings: lênh, linh, rinh
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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