千千萬萬

Chinese

		thousand	thousand	ten thousand; a great number; surname	ten thousand; a great number; surname
trad. (千千萬萬)		千	千	萬	萬
simp. (千千万万)		千	千	万	万

Etymology

AABB-type reduplication of 千萬／千万 (qiānwàn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiānqiānwànwàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄨㄢˋ ㄨㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cin¹ cin¹ maan⁶ maan⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiānqiānwànwàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄨㄢˋ ㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciancianwànwàn
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien¹-chʻien¹-wan⁴-wan⁴
    • Yale: chyān-chyān-wàn-wàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chianchianwannwann
    • Palladius: цяньцяньваньвань (cjanʹcjanʹvanʹvanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ wän⁵¹⁻⁵³ wän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cin¹ cin¹ maan⁶ maan⁶
    • Yale: chīn chīn maahn maahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsin¹ tsin¹ maan⁶ maan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: qin¹ qin¹ man⁶ man⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ maːn²² maːn²²/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshen tshen mjonH mjonH

Rime
Character	千	萬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	蒼先切	無販切
Baxter	tshen	mjonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰen/	/mʉɐnH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰen/	/mʷiɐnH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛn/	/miuɐnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛn/	/muanH/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰen/	/miuɐnH/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰien/	/mĭwɐnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰien/	/mi̯wɐnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān	wàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cin1	maan6

Idiom

千千萬萬

1. innumerable; thousands upon thousands

   • 列寧還在一九〇五年就已著重指出過，我們的文藝應當「為千千萬萬勞動人民服務」。 [MSC, trad.]
     列宁还在一九〇五年就已着重指出过，我们的文艺应当「为千千万万劳动人民服务」。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1942, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《在延安文藝座談會上的講話》 (Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Lièníng hái zài yījiǔlíngwǔ nián jiù yǐ zhuózhòng zhǐchū guò, wǒmen de wényì yīngdāng “wèi qiānqiānwànwàn láodòng rénmín fúwù”. [Pinyin]

     As far back as 1905 Lenin pointed out emphatically that our literature and art should “serve … the millions and tens of millions of working people”.

2. absolutely; by all means; must