दम

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See also: दुम, द्म, and दाम

Hindi

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /d̪əm/, [d̪ɐ̃m]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -əm

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian دم (dam), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dam). Compare Bengali দম (dom), Gujarati દમ (dam).
Last two senses, perhaps conflated with Sanskrit दम्भ (dámbha).

Noun

दम • (dam) m (Urdu spelling دم)

  1. breath
  2. puff, whiff
    1. breathing or blowing out; puff (as in casting a spell)
    2. draw, puff (as at a hookah)
  3. life, spirit
    1. vitality, vigour; ambition; mettle
      उसमें कोई दम नहीं है। ― usmẽ koī dam nahī̃ hai. ― He has no stamina.
    2. quality (as of material)
    3. efficacy (as of medicine)
  4. stewing over a small fire
  5. moment, instant
  6. false hope
  7. deceit, fraud, trickery
Declension
Declension of दम (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct दम
dam 		दम
dam
oblique दम
dam 		दमों
damõ
vocative दम
dam 		दमो
damo
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian دم (dam), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos.

Noun

दम • (dam) m (Urdu spelling دم)

  1. sharp edge of a blade

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Classical Persian دم (dam), from Arabic دَم (dam), from Proto-Semitic *dam-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *dam-. Cognate with Biblical Hebrew דָּם (dɔm), Akkadian 𒁁 (dāmum).

Noun

दम • (dam) m (Urdu spelling دم)

  1. blood
Declension
Declension of दम (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct दम
dam 		दम
dam
oblique दम
dam 		दमों
damõ
vocative दम
dam 		दमो
damo

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Sanskrit दम (dama), From the verb दाम्यति (dā́myati), Proto-Indo-Aryan *dā́myati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dā́myati, from Proto-Indo-European *demh₂- (“to tame”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δάμνημι (dámnēmi), Latin domō, English tame.

Noun

दम • (dam) m (Urdu spelling دم)

  1. taming, subduing
  2. self-control, self-restraint
    छुरी तले दम लेने की आवश्यकता है
    churī tale dam lene kī āvaśyaktā hai
    It is important to have self-restraint under difficult circumstances.
Declension
Declension of दम (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct दम
dama 		दम
dama
oblique दम
dama 		दमों
damõ
vocative दम
dama 		दमो
damo

References

  • Bahri, Hardev (1989) “दम”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
  • Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “दम”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
  • Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “दम”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
  • McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “दम”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “दम”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dámas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dámas, from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm. Cognate with Latin domus (whence English dome), Ancient Greek δόμος (dómos), Old Church Slavonic домъ (domŭ), Old Armenian տուն (tun).

Pronunciation

Noun

दम • (dáma) stem, m

  1. house
  2. home
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of दम (dáma)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative दमः
dámaḥ 		दमौ / दमा¹
dámau / dámā¹ 		दमाः / दमासः¹
dámāḥ / dámāsaḥ¹
Vocative दम
dáma 		दमौ / दमा¹
dámau / dámā¹ 		दमाः / दमासः¹
dámāḥ / dámāsaḥ¹
Accusative दमम्
dámam 		दमौ / दमा¹
dámau / dámā¹ 		दमान्
dámān
Instrumental दमेन
dámena 		दमाभ्याम्
dámābhyām 		दमैः / दमेभिः¹
dámaiḥ / dámebhiḥ¹
Dative दमाय
dámāya 		दमाभ्याम्
dámābhyām 		दमेभ्यः
dámebhyaḥ
Ablative दमात्
dámāt 		दमाभ्याम्
dámābhyām 		दमेभ्यः
dámebhyaḥ
Genitive दमस्य
dámasya 		दमयोः
dámayoḥ 		दमानाम्
dámānām
Locative दमे
dáme 		दमयोः
dámayoḥ 		दमेषु
dámeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Etymology 2

From the verb दाम्यति (dā́myati), from Proto-Indo-European *demh₂- (“to tame”).

Noun

दम • (dáma) stem, m

  1. taming
  2. self-restraint
  3. self-control
  4. temperance
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of दम (dáma)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative दमः
dámaḥ 		दमौ / दमा¹
dámau / dámā¹ 		दमाः / दमासः¹
dámāḥ / dámāsaḥ¹
Vocative दम
dáma 		दमौ / दमा¹
dámau / dámā¹ 		दमाः / दमासः¹
dámāḥ / dámāsaḥ¹
Accusative दमम्
dámam 		दमौ / दमा¹
dámau / dámā¹ 		दमान्
dámān
Instrumental दमेन
dámena 		दमाभ्याम्
dámābhyām 		दमैः / दमेभिः¹
dámaiḥ / dámebhiḥ¹
Dative दमाय
dámāya 		दमाभ्याम्
dámābhyām 		दमेभ्यः
dámebhyaḥ
Ablative दमात्
dámāt 		दमाभ्याम्
dámābhyām 		दमेभ्यः
dámebhyaḥ
Genitive दमस्य
dámasya 		दमयोः
dámayoḥ 		दमानाम्
dámānām
Locative दमे
dáme 		दमयोः
dámayoḥ 		दमेषु
dámeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
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