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===Compounds===
===Compounds===
{{zh-der|九十|二十|五十|八九不離十|八十|六十|十一|十一年|十一月|十一月份|十一路|十七|十七孔橋|十三|十三日|十三經|十三點|十九|十二|十二分|十二分之一|十二地支|十二宮|十二平均律|十二指腸|十二支|十二星座|十二時辰|十二月|十二月份|十二碼|十二經|十二經脈|十二角形|十二邊形|十二面體|十五|十五年|十位|十倍|十億|十億位元|十億位元以太網絡|十克|十全十美|十全大補湯|十八|十六|十六位元|十六國|十六烷值|十六進制|十分|十分之一|十吋口炮|十四|十四行詩|十國春秋|十堰|十堰市|十多億|十天干|十字|十字形|十字架|十字架刑|十字繡|十字花科|十字路口|十字軍|十字頭螺刀|十常侍|十干|十年|十年樹木，百年樹人|十年河東，十年河西|十幾|十幾個月|十成|十成九穩|十戒|十拿九穩|十數|十月|十月份|十月革命|十萬|十萬位|十萬八千里|十萬火急|十角形|十誡|十足|十進|十進位|十進位法|十進分類法|十進制|十進算術|十邊形|十里洋場|十面埋伏|十項|十項全能|四十|年三十|百兒八十|百十|聞一知十|運十|一五一十|一以當十|一暴十寒|一曝十寒|一漿十餅|一目十行|一饋十起|丁娘十索|七十二行|七十二變|七十子|七老八十|三十三天|三十六行|三十六計|三十六體|三十而立|三風十愆|不十分|九故十親|九流十家|二十一條|二十五史|二十五弦|二十八宿|二十八調|二十六史|二十四|二十四史|二十四孝|二十四時|二十四橋|五代十國|五光十色|五十肩|五風十雨|以一擊十|以一當十|信心十足|八十四調|八文十二|六十四卦|六十甲子|六十種曲|六十調|初一十五|勁道十足|十一號|十七帖|十三太保|十三行|十三轍|十三陵|十中八九|十之八九|十二使徒|十二分教|十二因緣|十二子|十二律|十二時|十二樓|十二次|十二生肖|十二碼球|十二萬分|十二處|十二辰|十二進法|十二金牌|十二金釵|十二門論|十全|十全老人|十八九|十八姨|十八界|十八相送|十八羅漢|十八變|十六羅漢|十劑|十力|十十五五|十哲|十善|十國|十圍五攻|十地|十大建設|十大弟子|十如是|十姊妹|十字坡|十字花押|十字街|十字街頭|十字路|十字鎬|十宗|十室九空|十家|十年寒窗|十年窗下|十年讀書|十惡|十惡不赦|十抽一|十指連心|十捉九著|十方|十方地面|十族|十日談|十月之交|十月懷胎|十樣錦|十死一生|十死九生|十殿閻王|十清九濁|十玄門|十生九死|十界|十畝之間|十番|十病九痛|十目一行|十目十手|十相具足|十萬火速|十米九糠|十羊九牧|十翼|十蕩十決|十行俱下|十親九故|十賭九輸|十載寒窗|十轉九空|十進法|十郎八當|十里長亭|十錦|十項運動|十風五雨|十體書|十鼠同穴|十鼠爭穴|吃十方|合十|問一答十|布被十年|平原十日|得一望十|憋十|打十三|拔十失五|拔十得五|指一說十|斃十|梏十指|橫羅十字|沒十成|用一當十|畫十字|目下十行|福無十全|紅十字會|聲價十倍|舉十知九|菩薩十地|藍十字會|西泠十子|言十妄九|足了十人|金釵十二|鈷六十|鐵十字|閉十|雙十|雙十節|音學十書|飢餓三十|駑馬十舍|駑馬十駕|驕氣十足|十里|八十壋|十嶺|北十|西十|十字溝|七十瓦上霜，八十不稀奇|十巴拄:si̍p-pa-tú|十里堡|十里鋪|十居其九}}
See {{section link|十/derived terms#Chinese}}.


===Descendants===
===Descendants===
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====Compounds====
====Compounds====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
{{der-top3|Compounds}}{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r|十六夜|いざよい}}
* {{ja-r/args|十六夜|いざよい}}
* {{ja-r|十露盤|そろばん}}
* {{ja-r/args|十露盤|そろばん}}
* {{ja-r|五十|い}}
* {{ja-r/args|五十|い}}
* {{ja-r|十八番|おはこ}}
* {{ja-r/args|十八番|おはこ}}
* {{ja-r|九十九|つくも}}
* {{ja-r/args|九十九|つくも}}
* {{ja-r|二十|はた}}
* {{ja-r/args|二十|はた}}
* {{ja-r|二十歳|はたち}}
* {{ja-r/args|二十歳|はたち}}
{{der-bottom}}
}}{{der-bottom}}


===Etymology 1===
===Etymology 1===
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=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top4}}
{{der-top4}}{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r|十%一|じゅう%いち}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%一|じゅう%いち}}
* {{ja-r|十%二|じゅう%に}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%二|じゅう%に}}
* {{ja-r|十%三|じゅう%さん}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%三|じゅう%さん}}
* {{ja-r|十%四|じゅう%し}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%四|じゅう%し}}
* {{ja-r|十%五|じゅう%ご}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%五|じゅう%ご}}
* {{ja-r|十%六|じゅう%ろく}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%六|じゅう%ろく}}
* {{ja-r|十%七|じゅう%しち}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%七|じゅう%しち}}
* {{ja-r|十%八|じゅう%はち}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%八|じゅう%はち}}
* {{ja-r|十%九|じゅう%く}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%九|じゅう%く}}
* {{ja-r|十%三|^じゅう%そう}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%三|^じゅう%そう}}
* {{ja-r|十%両|じゅう%りょう}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%両|じゅう%りょう}}
* {{ja-r|二%十|に%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r/args|二%十|に%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r|三%十|さん%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r/args|三%十|さん%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r|四%十|し%じゅう}}, {{ja-r|四%十|よん%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r/args|四%十|し%じゅう}}, {{ja-r/args|四%十|よん%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r|五%十|ご%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r/args|五%十|ご%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r|六%十|ろく%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r/args|六%十|ろく%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r|七%十|しち%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r/args|七%十|しち%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r|八%十|はち%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r/args|八%十|はち%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r|九%十|きゅう%じゅう}}, {{ja-r|九%十|く%じゅう}}
* {{ja-r/args|九%十|きゅう%じゅう}}, {{ja-r/args|九%十|く%じゅう}}
{{der-bottom}}
}}{{der-bottom}}


=====Idioms=====
=====Idioms=====
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=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top4}}
{{der-top4}}{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r|十%雨|じゅう%う}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%雨|じゅう%う}}
* {{ja-r|十%戒|じっ%かい|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|十%誡|じっ%かい}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%戒|じっ%かい|rom=-}}, {{ja-r/args|十%誡|じっ%かい}}
* {{ja-r|十%月|じゅう%がつ}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%月|じゅう%がつ}}
* {{ja-r|十%干|じっ%かん}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%干|じっ%かん}}
* {{ja-r|十%指|じっ%し}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%指|じっ%し}}
* {{ja-r|十%字|じゅう%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%字|じゅう%じ}}
* {{ja-r|十%姉%妹|じゅう%し%まつ}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%姉%妹|じゅう%し%まつ}}
* {{ja-r|十%中%八%九|じっ%ちゅう%はっ%く}}, {{ja-r|十%中%八%九|じゅう%ちゅう%はっ%く}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%中%八%九|じっ%ちゅう%はっ%く}}, {{ja-r/args|十%中%八%九|じゅう%ちゅう%はっ%く}}
* {{ja-r|十%手|じっ%て}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%手|じっ%て}}
* {{ja-r|十%種%競%技|じっ%しゅ%きょう%ぎ|[[decathlon]]}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%種%競%技|じっ%しゅ%きょう%ぎ|[[decathlon]]}}
* {{ja-r|十%進%法|じっ%しん%ほう|[[decimal]] [[system]]}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%進%法|じっ%しん%ほう|[[decimal]] [[system]]}}
* {{ja-r|十%全|じゅう%ぜん}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%全|じゅう%ぜん}}
* {{ja-r|十%哲|じっ%てつ}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%哲|じっ%てつ}}
* {{ja-r|十%人|じゅう%にん}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%人|じゅう%にん}}
* {{ja-r|十%年|じゅう%ねん}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%年|じゅう%ねん}}
* {{ja-r|十%念|じゅう%ねん}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%念|じゅう%ねん}}
* {{ja-r|十%能|じゅう%のう|gloss=small [[fire]] [[shovel]]}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%能|じゅう%のう|gloss=small [[fire]] [[shovel]]}}
* {{ja-r|十%把 一%絡%げ|じっ%ぱ ひと%から%げ}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%把 一%絡%げ|じっ%ぱ ひと%から%げ}}
* {{ja-r|十%分|じゅう%ぶん}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%分|じゅう%ぶん}}
* {{ja-r|十%万%億%土|じゅう%まん%おく%ど}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%万%億%土|じゅう%まん%おく%ど}}
* {{ja-r|十%目|じゅう%もく}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%目|じゅう%もく}}
* {{ja-r|十%薬|じゅう%やく}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%薬|じゅう%やく}}
{{der-bottom}}
}}{{der-bottom}}


===Etymology 2===
===Etymology 2===
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=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top3}}
{{der-top3}}{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r|十%市町|^とお%いち}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%市町|^とお%いち}}
* {{ja-r|十%日|とお%か}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%日|とお%か}}
* {{ja-r|十%五%三|とお%-ごう%-さん}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%五%三|とお%-ごう%-さん}}
* {{ja-r|十%島|^とお%しま}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%島|^とお%しま}}
* {{ja-r|十%団子|とお%だんご}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%団子|とお%だんご}}
* {{ja-r|十%列|とお%つら}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%列|とお%つら}}
* {{ja-r|十ノ木|^とおノき}}
* {{ja-r/args|十ノ木|^とおノき}}
* {{ja-r|十%百%韻|とっ%ぴゃく%いん}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%百%韻|とっ%ぴゃく%いん}}
* {{ja-r|十%和|^とお%わ}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%和|^とお%わ}}
* {{ja-r|五つの十|いつつ の とお}}
* {{ja-r/args|五つの十|いつつ の とお}}
* {{ja-r|四%目%十%目|よ%め%とお%め}}
* {{ja-r/args|四%目%十%目|よ%め%とお%め}}
{{der-bottom}}
}}{{der-bottom}}


=====Idioms=====
=====Idioms=====
* {{ja-r|十が十|とお が とお}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|十が十|とお が とお}}
* {{ja-r|十の界|とお の さかい}}
* {{ja-r/args|十の界|とお の さかい}}
}}


=====Proverbs=====
=====Proverbs=====
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=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top3}}
{{der-top3}}{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r|十%一|と%いち}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%一|と%いち}}
* {{ja-r|十%重|と%え}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%重|と%え}}
** {{ja-r|十%重 二十%重|と%え はた%え}}
** {{ja-r/args|十%重 二十%重|と%え はた%え}}
* {{ja-r|十%人|と%たり}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%人|と%たり}}
* {{ja-r|十%月|と%つき}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%月|と%つき}}
** {{ja-r|十%月 十%日|と%つき とお%か}}
** {{ja-r/args|十%月 十%日|と%つき とお%か}}
* {{ja-r|十%人 十%色|じゅう%にん と%いろ}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%人 十%色|じゅう%にん と%いろ}}
{{der-bottom}}
}}{{der-bottom}}


===Etymology 4===
===Etymology 4===
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=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top3}}
{{der-top3}}{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r|十%路|-そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%路|-そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r|三%十|み%そ}}, {{ja-r|三%十%路|み%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|三%十|み%そ}}, {{ja-r/args|三%十%路|み%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r|四%十|よ%そ}}, {{ja-r|四%十%路|よ%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|四%十|よ%そ}}, {{ja-r/args|四%十%路|よ%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r|五%十|い%そ}}, {{ja-r|五%十%路|い%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|五%十|い%そ}}, {{ja-r/args|五%十%路|い%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r|六%十|む%そ}}, {{ja-r|六%十%路|む%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|六%十|む%そ}}, {{ja-r/args|六%十%路|む%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r|七%十|なな%そ}}, {{ja-r|七%十%路|なな%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|七%十|なな%そ}}, {{ja-r/args|七%十%路|なな%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r|八%十|や%そ}}, {{ja-r|八%十%路|や%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|八%十|や%そ}}, {{ja-r/args|八%十%路|や%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r|九%十%路|ここの%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|九%十%路|ここの%そ%じ}}
* {{ja-r|十%代|そ%しろ}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%代|そ%しろ}}
{{der-bottom}}
}}{{der-bottom}}


===Etymology 5===
===Etymology 5===
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=====Derived terms=====
=====Derived terms=====
* {{ja-r|十%三%么%九|シー%サン%ヤオ%チュー}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|十%三%么%九|シー%サン%ヤオ%チュー}}
* {{ja-r|十%錦|シー%チン}}
* {{ja-r/args|十%錦|シー%チン}}
}}


===References===
===References===
Line 331: Line 335:


====Compounds====
====Compounds====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}{{ko-l/multi|data=
See {{section link|十/derived terms#Korean}}.
* {{ko-l/args|십간|十干}}
* {{ko-l/args|십계|十戒}}
* {{ko-l/args|십구|十九}}
* {{ko-l/args|십만|十萬}}
* {{ko-l/args|십분|十分}}
* {{ko-l/args|십사|十四}}
* {{ko-l/args|십삼|十三}}
* {{ko-l/args|십억|十億}}
* {{ko-l/args|십오|十五}}
* {{ko-l/args|십육|十六}}
* {{ko-l/args|십이|十二}}
* {{ko-l/args|십일|十一}}
* {{ko-l/args|십자|十字}}
* {{ko-l/args|십전|十全}}
* {{ko-l/args|십칠|十七}}
* {{ko-l/args|십팔|十八}}
* {{ko-l/args|시월|十月}}
* {{ko-l/args|구십|九十}}
* {{ko-l/args|사십|四十}}
* {{ko-l/args|삼십|三十}}
* {{ko-l/args|수십|數十}}
* {{ko-l/args|오십|五十}}
* {{ko-l/args|육십|六十}}
* {{ko-l/args|이십|二十}}
* {{ko-l/args|칠십|七十}}
* {{ko-l/args|팔십|八十}}
* {{ko-l/args|십계명|十誡命}}
* {{ko-l/args|십이월|十二月}}
* {{ko-l/args|십이지|十二支}}
* {{ko-l/args|십일월|十一月}}
* {{ko-l/args|십일조|十一租}}
* {{ko-l/args|십자가|十字架}}
* {{ko-l/args|십자군|十字軍}}
* {{ko-l/args|십자선|十字線}}
* {{ko-l/args|십자성|十字星}}
* {{ko-l/args|십장생|十長生}}
* {{ko-l/args|십진법|十進法}}
* {{ko-l/args|쌍십절|雙十節}}
* {{ko-l/args|적십자|赤十字}}
* {{ko-l/args|십이지장|十二指腸}}
* {{ko-l/args|십중팔구|十中八九}}
}}{{der-bottom}}


===References===
===References===
Line 352: Line 398:


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
See {{section link|十/derived terms#Vietnamese}}.
* {{vi-l-lite|紅十字|hồng thập tự|}}
* {{vi-l-lite|五代十國|Ngũ Đại Thập Quốc|}}
* {{vi-l-lite|率十|suất thập|}}
* {{vi-l-lite|三十六計|Tam thập lục kế|}}
* {{vi-l-lite|十惡|thập ác|}}
* {{vi-l-lite|十道|thập đạo|}}
* {{vi-l-lite|十紀|thập kỉ|decade}}
* {{vi-l-lite|十六分|thập lục phân|}}
* {{vi-l-lite|十年|thập niên|decade}}
* {{vi-l-lite|十分|thập phân|decimal}}
* {{vi-l-lite|十方|thập phương|everywhere}}
* {{vi-l-lite|十成|thập thành|}}
* {{vi-l-lite|十字|thập tự|cross, 十-shaped}}
* {{vi-l-lite|十死一生|thập tử nhất sinh|}}
{{der-bottom}}


===References===
===References===

Revision as of 06:03, 21 February 2023

See also: 〸 [U+3038 HANGZHOU NUMERAL TEN], ㆺ [U+31BA BOPOMOFO LETTER ZY], and 𬂛 [U+2C09B CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2C09B]
十 U+5341, 十
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5341
← 區
[U+5340] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 卂 →
[U+5342]
⼗ U+2F17, ⼗
KANGXI RADICAL TEN
← ⼖
[U+2F16] 		Kangxi Radicals ⼘ →
[U+2F18]
㈩ U+3229, ㈩
PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH TEN
← ㈨
[U+3228] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㈪ →
[U+322A]
㊉ U+3289, ㊉
CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH TEN
← ㊈
[U+3288] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㊊ →
[U+328A]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
Wikimedia Commons has more media related to:

Translingual

Stroke order
2 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

See images of
Radical 24 十

十 (Kangxi radical 24, 十+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 十 (J), four-corner 40000, composition ⿻一丨)

  1. Kangxi radical #24, ⼗.
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №54

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 155, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2695
  • Dae Jaweon: page 348, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 58, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5341

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 十
alternative forms 拾 financial
什

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 十
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (十) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
針 *kjum, *kjums
汁 *kjub
卙 *kʰljub
十 *ɡjub
什 *ɡjub

Unlike 一, which was one horizontal stroke meaning one, 十 was originally simply a vertical stroke. In later forms 一 was added, forming a cross.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gip.

Pronunciation

Note: sī - used for "ten" in 20 to 99.
Note:
  • cha̍p - vernacular;
  • si̍p/se̍p - literary.
Note:
  • zab8 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang, Raoping, Pontianak;
  • zag8 - Chenghai.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 十
Mandarin Beijing /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
Harbin /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Tianjin /ʂʐ̩⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʂʐ̩⁴²/
Qingdao /ʃz̩⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩⁴²/
Xi'an /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Xining /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂʐ̩¹³/
Lanzhou /ʂʐ̩¹³/
Ürümqi /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Wuhan /sz̩²¹³/
Chengdu /sz̩³¹/
Guiyang /sz̩²¹/
Kunming /ʂʐ̩³¹/
Nanjing /ʂʐ̩ʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʂəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /səʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /ʂʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /səʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /zəʔ¹/
Suzhou /zəʔ³/
Hangzhou /zəʔ²/
Wenzhou /zai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /ɕi²²/
Tunxi /ɕi¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Xiangtan /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /sɨʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /səp̚⁵/
Taoyuan /ʃïp̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐp̚²/
Nanning /sɐp̚²²/
Hong Kong /sɐp̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sip̚⁵/
/t͡sap̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sɛiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /si⁵⁴/
/si⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sap̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tap̚³/
/tɔp̚³/
Rime
Character 十
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 緝 (141)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 是執切
Baxter dzyip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʑiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ʑip̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʑjep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ʑip̚/
Li
Rong 		/ʑiəp̚/
Wang
Li 		/ʑĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʑi̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sap6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 十
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzyip ›
Old
Chinese 		/*t.[ɡ]əp/
English ten

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 十
Reading # 1/1
No. 11452
Phonetic
component 		十
Rime
group 		緝
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		十
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡjub/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 十

  1. ten
  2. (figurative) topmost; utmost
    十分  ―  shífēn  ―  very
    十全十美  ―  shíquánshíměi  ―  perfect

See also

Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 106 108 1012
Normal
(小寫／小写) 		〇, 零, 空 一, 蜀 二, 兩／两 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 百 千 萬／万,
十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) 		百萬／百万,
桶(Philippines),
面桶 (Philippines) 		億／亿 兆 (Taiwan)
萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial
(大寫／大写) 		零 壹 貳／贰 參／叁 肆 伍 陸／陆 柒 捌 玖 拾 佰 仟

Compounds

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Descendants

Sino-Xenic (十):
  • → Japanese: 十(じゅう) (jū)
  • → Korean: 십(十) (sip)
  • → Vietnamese: thập (十)

Others:

(deprecated template usage)

Japanese

Kanji

十

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
十
じゅう
Grade: 1
goon
Alternative spelling
拾 (financial)
Kanji in this term
十
じっ
Grade: 1
kan’yōon
Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  9 10 11  > 
    Cardinal : 十

/ʑipʉ/ → /ʑiɸu/ → /ʑɨu/ → /ʑuː//ʑiʔ/ → /ʑi~̚/

From Middle Chinese 十 (MC dzyip).

Pronunciation

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Numeral

十(じゅう) • (jū) ←じふ (zifu)?

  1. ten, 10
Derived terms
Derived terms
Idioms
Proverbs
Coordinate terms
Japanese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Regular 零(れい) (rei)
零(ゼロ) (zero) 		一(いち) (ichi) 二(に) (ni) 三(さん) (san) 四(よん) (yon)
四(し) (shi) 		五(ご) (go) 六(ろく) (roku) 七(なな) (nana)
七(しち) (shichi) 		八(はち) (hachi) 九(きゅう) (kyū)
九(く) (ku) 		十(じゅう) (jū)
Formal 壱(いち) (ichi) 弐(に) (ni) 参(さん) (san) 拾(じゅう) (jū)
90 100 300 600 800 1,000 3,000 8,000 10,000 100,000,000
Regular 九(きゅう)十(じゅう) (kyūjū) 百(ひゃく) (hyaku)
一(いっ)百(ぴゃく) (ippyaku) 		三(さん)百(びゃく) (sanbyaku) 六(ろっ)百(ぴゃく) (roppyaku) 八(はっ)百(ぴゃく) (happyaku) 千(せん) (sen)
一(いっ)千(せん) (issen) 		三(さん)千(ぜん) (sanzen) 八(はっ)千(せん) (hassen) 一(いち)万(まん) (ichiman) 一(いち)億(おく) (ichioku)
Formal 一(いち)萬(まん) (ichiman)
1012 8×1012 1013 1016 6×1016 8×1016 1017 1018
一(いっ)兆(ちょう) (itchō) 八(はっ)兆(ちょう) (hatchō) 十(じゅっ)兆(ちょう) (jutchō) 一(いっ)京(けい) (ikkei) 六(ろっ)京(けい) (rokkei) 八(はっ)京(けい) (hakkei) 十(じゅっ)京(けい) (jukkei) 百(ひゃっ)京(けい) (hyakkei)

Noun

十(じゅう) • (jū) ←じふ (zifu)?

  1. a ten-year-old

Affix

十(じゅう) or 十(じっ) • (jū or ji') ←じふ (zifu)?

  1. ten, 10
  2. tenth
  3. tenfold
  4. all, completely, perfect
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
十
とお
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

⟨to2wo⟩ → */təwo/ → /towo/ → /toː/

From Old Japanese.

Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *təwo.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

十(とお) • (tō) ←とを (towo)?

  1. ten, 10
Derived terms
Derived terms
Idioms
Proverbs

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
十
と
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Shift from tō above.[1]

Pronunciation

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Numeral

十(と) • (to) 

  1. ten, 10
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
十
そ
Grade: 1
nanori

⟨so1⟩ → */sʷo/ → /so/

From Old Japanese.

Used in compounds.

Affix

十(そ) • (so) 

  1. multiplied by ten: tenfold
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
十
しい
Grade: 1
irregular

From Mandarin 十 (shí).[2]

Numeral

十(シー) • (shī) 

  1. ten, 10
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Korean numbers (edit)
100
 ←  1  ←  9 10 11  →  20  → 
1
    Native isol.: 열 (yeol)
    Native attr.: 열 (yeol)
    Sino-Korean: 십 (sip)
    Hanja: 十
    Ordinal: 열째 (yeoljjae)

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 十 (MC dzyip).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 씹〮 (Yale: ssíp)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] 열〮 (Yale: yél) 십〮 (Yale: síp)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

十 (eumhun 열 십 (yeol sip))

  1. Hanja form? of 십 (“ten”).
  2. Hanja form? of 십 (“whole; complete; perfect”).

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

十: Hán Việt readings: thập (寔(thực)入(nhập)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
十: Nôm readings: thập[1][2][4]

  1. Template:han tu form of

Derived terms

Compounds

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ^ Trần (2004).
  4. ^ Bonet (1899).
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