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===Glyph origin=== |
===Glyph origin=== |
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{{Han etyl}} |
{{Han etyl}} |
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{{liushu|ic}}: 八 is two bent lines indicating the original meaning of "to divide". This character is later borrowed to mean "eight" because of homonymy, making the original meaning obsolete (now represented by {{zh-l|* |
{{liushu|ic}}: 八 is two bent lines indicating the original meaning of "to divide". This character is later borrowed to mean "eight" because of homonymy, making the original meaning obsolete (now represented by {{zh-l|*分}}). |
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===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
Revision as of 06:49, 22 June 2022
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order | |||
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Han character
八 (Kangxi radical 12, 八+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 竹人 (HO), four-corner 80000, composition ⿰丿乀(GHT) or ⿰丿乁(JKV))
- Kangxi radical #12, ⼋.
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №16
Usage notes
Minor strokes in the shape of 八 or 丷, as in the top of 𠔉 and 龹, can be referred by this radical (but in many cases, it's a false friend). These are often written as 丷 in modern texts. Compare 卷/卷, and different forms of 鬲/鬲.
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/八
- 仈, 叭, 𫭗, 𡚭, 扒, 汃, 𤜞, 朳, 𣱺, 𬌙, 玐, 𦘩, 𭾘, 𥐙, 𧘋, 𬖍, 𦓧, 𧈢, 𧴩, 𧺍, 趴, 釟(𫓥), 𩡩, 𩵒, 𫙈, 𫐴, 𥻋, 𪗔
- 尣, 𡯂, 分, 㕣, 𡉀, 䏌, 𠬬, 兌, 谷, 𥾈, 𦔯, 𧯚, 𠭦, 𣼪, 𩰕, 只, 穴, 䒔, 𤴭, 𦉵, 𡨄, 𩫵
Descendants
- ハ (Katakana character derived from man'yōgana)
Further reading
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 126, character 26
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1450
- Dae Jaweon: page 274, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 241, character 3
- Unihan data for U+516B
Chinese
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 八 | ||||||||||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Hanjian (compiled in Song) | Guwen Sishengyun (compiled in Song) | Jizhuan Guwen Yunhai (compiled in Song) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) | Kangxi Dictionary (compiled in Qing) | ||||
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script | Ming typeface |
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 八 is two bent lines indicating the original meaning of "to divide". This character is later borrowed to mean "eight" because of homonymy, making the original meaning obsolete (now represented by 分).
Etymology 1
trad. | 八 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 八 | |
alternative forms | 捌 financial |
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-r-gjat (“eight”). Compare Tibetan བརྒྱད (brgyad).
Pronunciation
Lua error in Module:wuu-pron at line 157: Incorrect tone notation "4" for sh. See WT:AZH/Wu.
Definitions
- eight
- many, numerous
- (printing) pearl; The smallest size of usual type, standardized as 5 point.
- Short for 八卦 (bāguà).
- a surname
See also
Chinese numbers | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 106 | 108 | 1012 | |
Normal (小寫/小写) |
〇, 零, 空 | 一, 蜀 | 二, 兩/两 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬/万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) |
百萬/百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines) |
億/亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億/万亿 (Mainland China) |
Financial (大寫/大写) |
零 | 壹 | 貳/贰 | 參/叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸/陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 |
Compounds
Lua error in Module:zh/templates at line 32: This template has been deprecated. Please use Template:col3 instead.
Descendants
Others:
- Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
Etymology 2
trad. | 八 | |
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simp. # | 八 |
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brat (“cut apart, cut open”). Cognate to 別/别 (bié).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ba
- Wade–Giles: pa1
- Yale: bā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ba
- Palladius: ба (ba)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pä⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: peat
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤret/
- (Zhengzhang): /*preːd/
Definitions
- † to divide; to differentiate
Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 八 – see 捌 (“to know”). (This character is a variant form of 捌). |
Japanese
< 7 | 8 | 9 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : 八 | ||
Kanji
Readings
- Go-on: はち (hachi, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: はつ (hatsu)
- Kun: や (ya, 八, Jōyō); やつ (yatsu, 八つ, Jōyō); やっつ (ya'tsu, 八つ, Jōyō); よう (yō, 八, Jōyō †)
- Nanori: な (na); は (ha); はっ (ha'); はつ (hatsu); やち (yachi); やつ (yatsu)
Compounds
- 一八 (ichihatsu)
- 永字八法 (Eiji Happō, “the Eight Principles of Yong”)
- 間八 (kanpachi)
- 尺八 (shakuhachi)
- 八橋 (yatsuhachi)
- 八手 (yatsude)
- 八切 (yatsugiri)
- 八角形 (hakkakkei, “octagon”)
- 八掛 (hakkake)
- 七転八起 (shichiten hakki)
- 八九分 (hakkubu)
- 四苦八苦 (shiku hakku)
- 八苦 (hakku)
- 八卦 (hakke)
- 八月 (hachigatsu, “August”)
- 八紘 (hakkō)
- 八荒 (hakkō)
- 八朔 (hassaku)
- 八字髭 (hachijihige)
- 八州 (hasshō)
- 八重 (yae)
- 八丈 (hachijō)
- 八丈島 (hachijōjima)
- 八達 (hattatsu)
- 八丁 (hasshō)
- 八潮路 (yashioji)
- 七転八倒 (shichiten-battō)
- 八道 (hachidō)
- 八日 (yōka)
- 八幡 (hachiman)
- 八分 (happun)
- 八辺形 (hachihengei, “octagon”)
- 八宝菜 (happōsai)
- 八方 (happō)
- 八面 (hachimen)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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八 |
はち Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Pronunciation
Numeral
Noun
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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八 |
や Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
The ablaut form of 四 (yo, “four”), which it doubles. From Old Japanese 八 (ya), from Proto-Japonic *ya.
Pronunciation
Noun
Related terms
Coordinate terms
Japanese numbers | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
Regular | 零 (rei) 零 (zero) |
一 (ichi) | 二 (ni) | 三 (san) | 四 (yon) 四 (shi) |
五 (go) | 六 (roku) | 七 (nana) 七 (shichi) |
八 (hachi) | 九 (kyū) 九 (ku) |
十 (jū) |
Formal | 壱 (ichi) | 弐 (ni) | 参 (san) | 拾 (jū) | |||||||
90 | 100 | 300 | 600 | 800 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 8,000 | 10,000 | 100,000,000 | ||
Regular | 九十 (kyūjū) | 百 (hyaku) 一百 (ippyaku) |
三百 (sanbyaku) | 六百 (roppyaku) | 八百 (happyaku) | 千 (sen) 一千 (issen) |
三千 (sanzen) | 八千 (hassen) | 一万 (ichiman) | 一億 (ichioku) | |
Formal | 一萬 (ichiman) | ||||||||||
1012 | 8×1012 | 1013 | 1016 | 6×1016 | 8×1016 | 1017 | 1018 | ||||
一兆 (itchō) | 八兆 (hatchō) | 十兆 (jutchō) | 一京 (ikkei) | 六京 (rokkei) | 八京 (hakkei) | 十京 (jukkei) | 百京 (hyakkei) |
References
Korean
80 | ||
← 7 | 8 | 9 → |
---|---|---|
Native isol.: 여덟 (yeodeol) Native attr.: 여덟 (yeodeol) Sino-Korean: 팔 (pal) Hanja: 八 Ordinal: 여덟째 (yeodeoljjae) |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 八 (MC peat).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 바ᇙ〮 (Yale: pálq) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] | 여듧 (Yale: yètùlp) | 팔 (Yale: phál) |
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 | 여ᄃᆞᆲ (Yale: yetolp) | 팔 (Yale: phal) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʰa̠ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [팔]
Hanja
Compounds
- 팔방 (八方, palbang)
- 팔자 (八字, palja)
- 팔식 (八識, palsik)
- 팔고 (八苦, palgo)
- 팔순 (八旬, palsun)
- 팔팔십 (達八十, palpalsip)
- 팔불용 (八不用, palburyong)
- 칠전팔기 (七顚八起, chiljeonpalgi)
- 십중팔구 (十中八九, sipjungpalgu)
- 팔방미인 (八方美人, palbangmiin)
- 백팔번뇌 (百八煩惱, baekpalbeonnoe)
- 사고팔고 (四苦八苦, sagopalgo)
- 팔면육비 (八面六臂, palmyeonyukbi)
- 사각팔방 (四角八方, sagakpalbang)
- 관동팔경 (關東八景, gwandongpalgyeong)
- 사통팔달 (四通八達, satongpaldal)
- 이팔청춘 (二八靑春, ipalcheongchun)
- 구산팔해 (九山八海, gusanpalhae)
- 십상팔구 (十常八九, sipsangpalgu)
- 사방팔방 (四方八方, sabangpalbang)
- 사주팔자 (四柱八字, sajupalja)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
Han character
八: Hán Việt readings: bát[1][2][3]
八: Nôm readings: bát[1][2], bắt[1][3], bớt[1]
Derived terms
References
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Kangxi Radicals block
- Han character radicals
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Shuowen radicals
- Han characters from which katakana were derived
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese lemmas
- Chinese Han characters
- zh:Printing
- Chinese short forms
- Cantonese Chinese
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Chinese surnames
- Chinese cardinal numbers
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms with obsolete senses
- Advanced Mandarin
- zh:Eight
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese numerals
- Mandarin numerals
- Cantonese numerals
- Hokkien numerals
- Wu numerals
- Chinese variant forms
- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese Han characters
- Grade 1 kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading はち
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading はつ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading や
- Japanese kanji with kun reading や-つ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やっ-つ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading よう
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading な
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading は
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading はっ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading はつ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading やち
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading やつ
- Japanese terms spelled with 八 read as はち
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with audio links
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese numerals
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 八
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese short forms
- Japanese terms spelled with 八 read as や
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- ja:Numbers
- Japanese numeral symbols
- ja:Eight
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Nom
- CJKV radicals