ψυχή: difference between revisions
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#*:: Robert Fagles’ translation (1990): |
#*:: Robert Fagles’ translation (1990): |
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#*::: so he dragged out both the man's '''life breath''' and the weapon's point together. |
#*::: so he dragged out both the man's '''life breath''' and the weapon's point together. |
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# [[life]] (the state of being alive) |
# [[life]] (''the state of being alive'') |
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#* Revelation 8:9 (text according to Stephanus (1550) and Scrivener (1894)) |
#* Revelation 8:9 (text according to Stephanus (1550) and Scrivener (1894)) |
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#*: και απεθανεν το τριτον των κτισματων των εν τη θαλασση τα εχοντα '''ψυχας''' και το τριτον των πλοιων διεφθαρη |
#*: και απεθανεν το τριτον των κτισματων των εν τη θαλασση τα εχοντα '''ψυχας''' και το τριτον των πλοιων διεφθαρη |
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#*:: Young’s Literal Translation (1862): |
#*:: Young’s Literal Translation (1862): |
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#*::: and die did the third of the creatures that [are] in the sea, those having '''life''', and the third of the ships were destroyed. |
#*::: and die did the third of the creatures that [are] in the sea, those having '''life''', and the third of the ships were destroyed. |
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# the immortal part of a person |
# [[soul]] (the immortal part of a person) |
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#* Homer, ''Ἰλιάς'' (''Iliad''), book 1, lines 1–5: |
#* Homer, ''Ἰλιάς'' (''Iliad''), book 1, lines 1–5: |
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#*: μῆνιν ἄειδε θεὰ Πηληϊάδεω Ἀχιλῆος / οὐλομένην, ἣ μυρί᾽ Ἀχαιοῖς ἄλγε᾽ ἔθηκε, |
#*: μῆνιν ἄειδε θεὰ Πηληϊάδεω Ἀχιλῆος / οὐλομένην, ἣ μυρί᾽ Ἀχαιοῖς ἄλγε᾽ ἔθηκε, |
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#*::: hurling down to the House of Death so many sturdy [...]<!--the excision makes the translation match the original text more closely--> / great fighters’ '''souls''', but made their bodies carrion, |
#*::: hurling down to the House of Death so many sturdy [...]<!--the excision makes the translation match the original text more closely--> / great fighters’ '''souls''', but made their bodies carrion, |
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#*::: feasts for the dogs and birds, / and the will of Zeus was moving toward its end. |
#*::: feasts for the dogs and birds, / and the will of Zeus was moving toward its end. |
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# the spirit of a dead person |
# [[ghost]] (''the spirit of a dead person'') |
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#* Homer, ''Ὀδύσσεια'' (''Odyssey''), book 23, lines 362–363, and book 24, lines 1–2: |
#* Homer, ''Ὀδύσσεια'' (''Odyssey''), book 23, lines 362–363, and book 24, lines 1–2: |
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#*: αὐτίκα γὰρ φάτις εἶσιν ἅμ᾽ ἠελίῳ ἀνιόντι / ἀνδρῶν μνηστήρων, οὓς ἔκτανον ἐν μεγάροισιν: |
#*: αὐτίκα γὰρ φάτις εἶσιν ἅμ᾽ ἠελίῳ ἀνιόντι / ἀνδρῶν μνηστήρων, οὓς ἔκτανον ἐν μεγάροισιν: |
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#*::: Now Cyllenian Hermes called away the suitors' '''ghosts''', |
#*::: Now Cyllenian Hermes called away the suitors' '''ghosts''', |
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# the conscious self, as the seat of emotions, desires |
# the conscious self, as the seat of emotions, desires |
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# the |
# the [[mind]] (''seat or organ of thought''), (the faculty of) [[reason]] |
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#* Xenophon, ''Οἰκονομικων'' (''Economics''), chapter 6, section 16: |
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#*: ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ ἄρα εἶχεν οὕτως, ἀλλ᾽ ἐνίους ἐδόκουν καταμανθάνειν τῶν καλῶν τὰς μορφὰς πάνυ μοχθηροὺς ὄντας τὰς '''ψυχάς'''. |
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#*:: William Heinemann’s translation (1979): |
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#*::: But after all, it was not so: I thought I discovered that some who were beautiful to look at were thoroughly depraved in their '''minds'''. |
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# {{philosophy|lang=grc}} the universal spirit |
# {{philosophy|lang=grc}} the universal spirit |
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# [[butterfly]], [[moth]] |
# [[butterfly]], [[moth]] |
Revision as of 08:13, 11 March 2011
Ancient Greek
Pronunciation
- (5th BC Attic) IPA(key): /pʰsy͜ykʰɛ͜ɛ́/
- (1st BC Egyptian) IPA(key): /pʰsyːkʰéː/
- (4th AD Koine) IPA(key): /ɸsyxí/
- (10th AD Byzantine) IPA(key): /psyçí/
- (15th AD Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /psiçí/
Etymology
From ψύχω ("I blow")
Noun
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- (Can we [[Lua error in Module:languages/errorGetBy at line 16: Please specify a language code in the first parameter; the value "{{{1}}}" is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).#ψυχή|verify]]([{{fullurl:Lua error in Module:languages/errorGetBy at line 16: Please specify a language code in the first parameter; the value "{{{1}}}" is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).|action=edit§ion=new&preload=Template:rfv-sense/preload$1&preloadparams%5B%5D=%3Cstrong+class%3D%22error%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22scribunto-error%22+id%3D%22mw-scribunto-error-c8e929bc%22%3ELua+error+in+Module%3Alanguages%2Ftemplates+at+%5B%5BModule%3Alanguages%2Ftemplates%23L-18%7Cline+18%5D%5D%3A+Parameter+1+is+required.%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fstrong%3E&preloadtitle=%5B%5B%CF%88%CF%85%CF%87%CE%AE%23rfv-sense-notice-{{{1}}}-%7c%CF%88%CF%85%CF%87%CE%AE%5D%5D}} +]) this sense?)Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "{{{1}}}" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. breath, life-breath
- Homer, Ἰλιάς (Iliad), book 16, line 505:
- τοῖο δ᾽ ἅμα ψυχήν τε καὶ ἔγχεος ἐξέρυσ᾽ αἰχμήν.
- Robert Fagles’ translation (1990):
- so he dragged out both the man's life breath and the weapon's point together.
- Robert Fagles’ translation (1990):
- τοῖο δ᾽ ἅμα ψυχήν τε καὶ ἔγχεος ἐξέρυσ᾽ αἰχμήν.
- Homer, Ἰλιάς (Iliad), book 16, line 505:
- life (the state of being alive)
- Revelation 8:9 (text according to Stephanus (1550) and Scrivener (1894))
- και απεθανεν το τριτον των κτισματων των εν τη θαλασση τα εχοντα ψυχας και το τριτον των πλοιων διεφθαρη
- Young’s Literal Translation (1862):
- and die did the third of the creatures that [are] in the sea, those having life, and the third of the ships were destroyed.
- Young’s Literal Translation (1862):
- και απεθανεν το τριτον των κτισματων των εν τη θαλασση τα εχοντα ψυχας και το τριτον των πλοιων διεφθαρη
- Revelation 8:9 (text according to Stephanus (1550) and Scrivener (1894))
- soul (the immortal part of a person)
- Homer, Ἰλιάς (Iliad), book 1, lines 1–5:
- μῆνιν ἄειδε θεὰ Πηληϊάδεω Ἀχιλῆος / οὐλομένην, ἣ μυρί᾽ Ἀχαιοῖς ἄλγε᾽ ἔθηκε,
- πολλὰς δ᾽ ἰφθίμους ψυχὰς Ἄϊδι προΐαψεν / ἡρώων, αὐτοὺς δὲ ἑλώρια τεῦχε κύνεσσιν
- οἰωνοῖσί τε πᾶσι, Διὸς δ᾽ ἐτελείετο βουλή,
- Robert Fagles’ translation (1990):
- Rage — Goddess, sing the rage of Peleus' son Achilles, / [...] doomed, that cost the Achaeans countless losses,
- hurling down to the House of Death so many sturdy [...] / great fighters’ souls, but made their bodies carrion,
- feasts for the dogs and birds, / and the will of Zeus was moving toward its end.
- Robert Fagles’ translation (1990):
- Homer, Ἰλιάς (Iliad), book 1, lines 1–5:
- ghost (the spirit of a dead person)
- Homer, Ὀδύσσεια (Odyssey), book 23, lines 362–363, and book 24, lines 1–2:
- αὐτίκα γὰρ φάτις εἶσιν ἅμ᾽ ἠελίῳ ἀνιόντι / ἀνδρῶν μνηστήρων, οὓς ἔκτανον ἐν μεγάροισιν:
- ¶
- Ἑρμῆς δὲ ψυχὰς Κυλλήνιος ἐξεκαλεῖτο / ἀνδρῶν μνηστήρων:
- Robert Fagles’ translation (1996):
- [Go] quick as the rising sun the news will spread / of the suitors that I killed inside the house.
- ¶
- Now Cyllenian Hermes called away the suitors' ghosts,
- Robert Fagles’ translation (1996):
- Homer, Ὀδύσσεια (Odyssey), book 23, lines 362–363, and book 24, lines 1–2:
- the conscious self, as the seat of emotions, desires
- the mind (seat or organ of thought), (the faculty of) reason
- Xenophon, Οἰκονομικων (Economics), chapter 6, section 16:
- ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ ἄρα εἶχεν οὕτως, ἀλλ᾽ ἐνίους ἐδόκουν καταμανθάνειν τῶν καλῶν τὰς μορφὰς πάνυ μοχθηροὺς ὄντας τὰς ψυχάς.
- William Heinemann’s translation (1979):
- But after all, it was not so: I thought I discovered that some who were beautiful to look at were thoroughly depraved in their minds.
- William Heinemann’s translation (1979):
- ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ ἄρα εἶχεν οὕτως, ἀλλ᾽ ἐνίους ἐδόκουν καταμανθάνειν τῶν καλῶν τὰς μορφὰς πάνυ μοχθηροὺς ὄντας τὰς ψυχάς.
- Xenophon, Οἰκονομικων (Economics), chapter 6, section 16:
- Template:philosophy the universal spirit
- butterfly, moth
Inflection
Quotations
- Homer, Iliad, book 14, lines 516–19
- Ἀτρεΐδης δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἔπειθ᾽ Ὑπερήνορα ποιμένα λαῶν / οὖτα κατὰ λαπάρην, διὰ δ᾽ ἔντερα χαλκὸς ἄφυσσε
- δῃώσας: ψυχὴ δὲ κατ᾽ οὐταμένην ὠτειλὴν / ἔσσυτ᾽ ἐπειγομένη, τὸν δὲ σκότος ὄσσε κάλυψε.
- Menelaus took the hardened captain Hyperenor, / gouged his flank and the bronze ripped him open,
- spurting his entrails out -- and his life, gushing forth / through the raw, yawning wound, went pulsing fast
- and the dark came siwrling down across his eyes. (Fagles 1990, could mean ‘blood, life-blood’)
- Luke 21:19
- εν τη υπομονη υμων κτησασθε τας ψυχας υμων (1550 Stephanus, 1881 Westcott-Hort, 1894 Scrivener)
- in your patience possess ye your souls. (YLT, KJV)
- Stand firm, and you will win life. (NIV)
- εν τη υπομονη υμων κτησασθε τας ψυχας υμων (1550 Stephanus, 1881 Westcott-Hort, 1894 Scrivener)
See also
References
- BDAG
- “ψυχή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- G5590 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- 2006, Steven Paul, The Apocalypse Letter by Letter: A Literary Analysis of the Book of Revelation, page 281 (discussing Revelation 8:9): "The literal meaning of the noun “ψυχή” [psykhë, or psyche] is “breath”; hence, like “πνεῦμα” [pneuma], it can also mean “spirit, soul, mind.”"
- 2007, Leon Marvell, Transfigured light: philosophy, cybernetics and the hermetic imaginary (ISBN 978-1-933146-27-0), page 128: "the psyche (the term derives from ψυχη, the breath, and ψυχειν, to breathe)"
Greek
Pronunciation
- (deprecated use of
|lang=
parameter) IPA(key): [psiˈçi]
Noun
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ψυχή • (psychí) f (plural ψυχές)