philosophy: difference between revisions

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Browse history interactively
← Go to previous editGo to next edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→‎Alternative forms: {{l}}, {{q}} → {{alt}}
(29 intermediate revisions by 16 users not shown)
Line 3: Line 3:


===Alternative forms===
===Alternative forms===
* {{l|en|philosophie}} {{qualifier|obsolete}}
* {{alt|en|philosophie||obsolete}}
* {{l|en|phylosophie}} {{qualifier|obsolete}}
* {{alt|en|phylosophie||obsolete}}
* {{l|en|phylosophy}} {{qualifier|nonstandard}}
* {{alt|en|phylosophy||nonstandard}}


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{inh|en|enm|philosophie}}, {{der|en|fro|philosophie}}, and their source, {{der|en|la|philosophia}}, from {{der|en|grc|φιλοσοφία}}, from {{m|grc|φίλος|t=loving}} + {{m|grc|σοφία|t=wisdom}}. Synchronically, {{affix|en|philo-|-sophy}}. Displaced native {{noncog|ang|ūþwitegung}}.
From {{inh|en|enm|philosophie}}, {{der|en|fro|philosophie}}, and their source, {{der|en|la|philosophia}}, from {{der|en|grc|φιλοσοφία}}, from {{m|grc|φίλος|t=loving}} + {{m|grc|σοφία|t=wisdom}}. {{surf|en|philo-|-sophy}}. Displaced native {{noncog|ang|ūþwitegung}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
Line 19: Line 19:


# {{lb|en|uncountable|originally}} The [[love]] of [[wisdom]].
# {{lb|en|uncountable|originally}} The [[love]] of [[wisdom]].
# {{lb|en|uncountable}} An [[academic]] [[discipline]] that seeks truth through reasoning rather than empiricism.
# {{lb|en|uncountable}} An [[academic]] [[discipline]] that seeks truth through reasoning rather than [[empiricism]], often attempting to provide explanations relating to general concepts such as existence and rationality.
#: {{ux|en|'''Philosophy''' is often divided into five major branches: logic, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics and aesthetics.}}
#: {{ux|en|'''Philosophy''' is often divided into five major branches: logic, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics and aesthetics.}}
#* '''1661''', {{w|John Fell (bishop)|John Fell}}, ''[http://archive.org/stream/a615775104worduoft/a615775104worduoft_djvu.txt The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond]''
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1661|author={{w|John Fell (bishop)|John Fell}}|title=The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond|url=http://archive.org/stream/a615775104worduoft/a615775104worduoft_djvu.txt
#*: During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of '''philosophy''', he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant{{...}}
|passage=During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of '''philosophy''', he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant{{...}}}}
# {{lb|en|countable}} A [[comprehensive]] [[system]] of [[belief]].
# {{lb|en|countable}} A [[comprehensive]] [[system]] of [[belief]].
# {{lb|en|countable}} A [[view]] or [[outlook]] regarding [[fundamental]] [[principle]]s underlying some domain.
# {{lb|en|countable}} A [[view]] or [[outlook]] regarding [[fundamental]] [[principle]]s underlying some domain.
Line 38: Line 38:


====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|en|critical philosophy|rosewater philosophy|synthetic philosophy|Unix philosophy
{{der4|en
|analytic philosophy
|analytic philosophy
|antiphilosophy
|antiphilosophy
Line 60: Line 60:
|philosophize
|philosophize
|philosophy of mind
|philosophy of mind
|philosophy of science
|philosophy of science|ordinary language philosophy
|philosophylike
|philosophylike
|physiophilosophy
|physiophilosophy
Line 85: Line 85:
====Translations====
====Translations====
{{trans-top|the pursuit of wisdom}}
{{trans-top|the pursuit of wisdom}}
* Kurdish {{t+|kmr|felsefe}}
* Afrikaans: {{t+|af|filosofie}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|ፍልስፍና}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|ፍልስፍና}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|філасо́фія|sc=Cyrl}}
* Belarusian: {{t+|be|філасо́фія|sc=Cyrl}}
* Burmese: {{t|my|ဒဿနဗေဒ}}
* Burmese: {{t|my|ဒဿနဗေဒ}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|wijsbegeerte|f}}, {{t+|nl|filosofie|f}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|wijsbegeerte|f}}, {{t+|nl|filosofie|f}}
Line 92: Line 94:
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|φιλοσοφία|f}}
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|φιλοσοφία|f}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|悟り|tr=[[さとり]], satori}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|悟り|tr=[[さとり]], satori}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|filozofija|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|мудрување|n}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|мудрување|n}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|ūþwitegung|f}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|ūþwitegung|f}}
Line 99: Line 102:


{{trans-top|academic discipline}}
{{trans-top|academic discipline}}
* Afrikaans: {{t+|af|filosofie}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|ፍልስፍና}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|ፍልስፍና}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|فَلْسَفَة|f}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|لْسَفَة|f}}
*: Egyptian Arabic: {{t|arz|فلسفة|f|tr=falsafa}}
*: Egyptian Arabic: {{t|arz|فلسفة|f|tr=falsafa}}
*: Hijazi Arabic: {{t|acw|فَلْسَفة|f|tr=falsafa}}
*: Hijazi Arabic: {{t|acw|فَلْسَفة|f|tr=falsafa}}
Line 107: Line 111:
* Balinese: {{t|ban|ᬢᬢ᭄ᬢ᭄ᬯ|tr=tattwa|sc=Bali}}
* Balinese: {{t|ban|ᬢᬢ᭄ᬢ᭄ᬯ|tr=tattwa|sc=Bali}}
* Basque: {{t|eu|filosofia}}
* Basque: {{t|eu|filosofia}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|філасо́фія|f|sc=Cyrl}}
* Belarusian: {{t+|be|філасо́фія|f|sc=Cyrl}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|филосо́фия|f}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|филосо́фия|f}}
* Burmese: {{t|my|ဒဿနဗေဒ}}, {{t+|my|သဘာဝတ္ထဗေဒ}}
* Burmese: {{t|my|ဒဿနဗေဒ}}, {{t+|my|သဘာဝတ္ထဗေဒ}}
Line 113: Line 117:
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|哲學|tr= zit3 hok6}}
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|哲學|tr= zit3 hok6}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|哲学|tr=zhéxué|sc=Hani}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|哲学|tr=zhéxué}}
* Cornish: {{t|kw|filosofieth|f}}
* Cornish: {{t|kw|filosofieth|f}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|filozofie|f}}, {{t+|cs|filosofie|f}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|filozofie|f}}, {{t+|cs|filosofie|f}}
Line 140: Line 144:
* Khmer: {{t+|km|ទស្សនវិជ្ជា|sc=Khmr|tr=tʊəhsana vɨcchie}}
* Khmer: {{t+|km|ទស្សនវិជ្ជា|sc=Khmr|tr=tʊəhsana vɨcchie}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|철학(哲學)}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|철학(哲學)}}
* Kyrgyz: {{t+|ky|философия}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|philosophia|f}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|philosophia|f}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|filozofija|f}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|filozofija|f}}
Line 148: Line 153:
* Mongolian: {{t|mn|философи}}
* Mongolian: {{t|mn|философи}}
* Muong: {{t|mtq|tliết học}}
* Muong: {{t|mtq|tliết học}}
* Nepali: {{t|ne|दर्शन|tr=darsan}}
* Norwegian:
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|filosofi|m}}
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|filosofi|m}}
Line 153: Line 159:
* Occitan: {{t+|oc|filosofia|f}}
* Occitan: {{t+|oc|filosofia|f}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|ūþwitegung|f}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|ūþwitegung|f}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|فلسفه|sc=fa-Arab|tr=falsafe}}, {{t|fa|خرددوستی|tr=xeraddusti}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|فلسفه|tr=falsafe}}, {{t|fa|خرددوستی|tr=xeraddusti}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|filozofia|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|filozofia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|filosofia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|filosofia|f}}
Line 161: Line 167:
* Serbo-Croatian:
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|филозофија|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|филозофија|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|filozofija|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|filozofija|f}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|filusufìa|f}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|filusufìa|f}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|filozofia|f}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|filozofia|f}}
Line 182: Line 188:


{{trans-top|comprehensive system of belief}}
{{trans-top|comprehensive system of belief}}
* Afrikaans: {{t+|af|filosofie}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|ፍልስፍና}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|ፍልስፍና}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|فَلْسَفَة|f}}, {{t+|ar|مَذْهَب|m}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|فَلْسَفَة|f}}, {{t+|ar|مَذْهَب|m}}
Line 195: Line 202:
* Greek: {{t+|el|φιλοσοφία|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|φιλοσοφία|f}}
* Hindi: {{t|hi|फ़लसफ़ा|m}}, {{t|hi|मज़हब|m}}, {{t+|hi|मजहब|m}}, {{t+|hi|दर्शन|m}}
* Hindi: {{t|hi|फ़लसफ़ा|m}}, {{t|hi|मज़हब|m}}, {{t+|hi|मजहब|m}}, {{t+|hi|दर्शन|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|filozófia}}, {{t|hu|eszmerendszer}}, {{t+|hu|életfilozófia}}, {{t|hu|életszemlélet}}, {{t+|hu|életfelfogás}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|filozófia}}, {{t+|hu|eszmerendszer}}, {{t+|hu|életfilozófia}}, {{t+|hu|életszemlélet}}, {{t+|hu|életfelfogás}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|哲学|tr=[[てつがく]], tetsugaku}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|哲学|tr=[[てつがく]], tetsugaku}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|filozofija|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|философија|f}}, {{t|mk|филозофија|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|философија|f}}, {{t|mk|филозофија|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|filozofia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|filosofia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|filosofia|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|filozofie|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|filozofie|f}}
Line 205: Line 214:
* Serbo-Croatian:
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|филозофија|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|филозофија|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|filozofija|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|filozofija|f}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|filusufìa|f}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|filusufìa|f}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|filosofi|c}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|filosofi|c}}
Line 214: Line 223:


{{trans-top|view regarding fundamental principles}}
{{trans-top|view regarding fundamental principles}}
* Afrikaans: {{t+|af|filosofie}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|ፍልስፍና}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|ፍልስፍና}}
* Arabic: {{t+|ar|مَذْهَب|m}}, {{t+|ar|عَقِيدَة|f}}
* Arabic: {{t+|ar|مَذْهَب|m}}, {{t+|ar|عَقِيدَة|f}}
Line 227: Line 237:
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|filozófia}}, {{t+|hu|elmélet}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|filozófia}}, {{t+|hu|elmélet}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|方針|tr=[[ほうしん]], hōshin}}, {{t+|ja|方向|tr=[[ほうこう]], hōkō}}, {{t+|ja|主義|tr=[[しゅぎ]], shugi}}, {{qualifier|figuratively}} {{t+|ja|哲学|tr=[[てつがく]], tetsugaku}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|方針|tr=[[ほうしん]], hōshin}}, {{t+|ja|方向|tr=[[ほうこう]], hōkō}}, {{t+|ja|主義|tr=[[しゅぎ]], shugi}}, {{qualifier|figuratively}} {{t+|ja|哲学|tr=[[てつがく]], tetsugaku}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|filozofija|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|философија|f}}, {{t|mk|филозофија|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|философија|f}}, {{t|mk|филозофија|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|filozofia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|filosofia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|filosofia|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|filozofie|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|filozofie|f}}
Line 234: Line 246:
* Serbo-Croatian:
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|филозофија|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|филозофија|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|filozofija|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|filozofija|f}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|filusufìa|f}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|filusufìa|f}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|filosofi|c}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|filosofi|c}}
Line 240: Line 252:


{{trans-top|general principle}}
{{trans-top|general principle}}
* Afrikaans: {{t+|af|filosofie}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|ፍልስፍና}}
* Amharic: {{t|am|ፍልስፍና}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|مَبْدَأ|m}}, {{t+|ar|مَذْهَب|m}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|مَبْدَأ|m}}, {{t+|ar|مَذْهَب|m}}
Line 250: Line 263:
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|filozófia}}, {{t+|hu|elv}}, {{t+|hu|alapelv}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|filozófia}}, {{t+|hu|elv}}, {{t+|hu|alapelv}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|方針|tr=[[ほうしん]], hōshin}}, {{t+|ja|方向|tr=[[ほうこう]], hōkō}}, {{t+|ja|主義|tr=[[しゅぎ]], shugi}}, {{qualifier|figuratively}} {{t+|ja|哲学|tr=[[てつがく]], tetsugaku}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|方針|tr=[[ほうしん]], hōshin}}, {{t+|ja|方向|tr=[[ほうこう]], hōkō}}, {{t+|ja|主義|tr=[[しゅぎ]], shugi}}, {{qualifier|figuratively}} {{t+|ja|哲学|tr=[[てつがく]], tetsugaku}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|filozofija|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|философија|f}}, {{t|mk|филозофија|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|философија|f}}, {{t|mk|филозофија|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|filozofia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|filosofia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|filosofia|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|filozofie|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|filozofie|f}}
Line 256: Line 271:
* Serbo-Croatian:
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|филозофија|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|филозофија|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|filozofija|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|filozofija|f}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|filusufìa|f}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|filusufìa|f}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|filosofi|c}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|filosofi|c}}

Revision as of 01:55, 1 May 2024

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle English philosophie, Old French philosophie, and their source, Latin philosophia, from Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía), from φίλος (phílos, “loving”) + σοφία (sophía, “wisdom”). By surface analysis, philo- +‎ -sophy. Displaced native Old English ūþwitegung.

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "UK" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /fɪˈlɒsəfi/
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "GA" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /fɪˈlɑsəfi/
  • Audio (GA):(file)

Noun

philosophy (countable and uncountable, plural philosophies)

  1. (uncountable, originally) The love of wisdom.
  2. (uncountable) An academic discipline that seeks truth through reasoning rather than empiricism, often attempting to provide explanations relating to general concepts such as existence and rationality.
    Philosophy is often divided into five major branches: logic, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics and aesthetics.
    • 1661, John Fell, The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond‎[1]:
      During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of philosophy, he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant […]
  3. (countable) A comprehensive system of belief.
  4. (countable) A view or outlook regarding fundamental principles underlying some domain.
    a philosophy of government;   a philosophy of education
  5. (countable) A general principle (usually moral).
    • 2012, Francesca Valensise, From Building Fabric to City Form: Reconstruction in Calabria at end of Eighteenth Century‎[2], Gangemi Editore spa, →ISBN, page 8:
      As a matter of fact the Enlightment culture was based on a philosophy inspired to an ethical laicism whose aim was to create a better society based on principles such as solidarity, equality of rights and duties, and full freedom.
  6. (archaic) A broader branch of (non-applied) science.
  7. A calm and thoughtful demeanor; calmness of temper.
  8. (printing, dated) Synonym of small pica (especially in French printing).
    • 2010, Thomas Wharton, Salamander, Emblem Editions, →ISBN:
      Although I prefer small pica. Or as its[sic] sometimes known, philosophy.
      – Small pica, or philosophy, she said. It sounds like the title of a novel. With a girl heroine.

Meronyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Verb

philosophy (third-person singular simple present philosophies, present participle philosophying, simple past and past participle philosophied)

  1. (now rare) To philosophize.

See also

References

Further reading

  • "philosophy" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 235.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=philosophy&oldid=79075315"