φρουρός: difference between revisions
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==Greek== |
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===Etymology=== |
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{{lbor|el|grc|φρουρός}}.<ref>{{R:DSMG}}</ref> |
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===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{IPA|el|/fɾuˈɾos/}} |
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* {{hyph|el|φρου|ρός}} |
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===Noun=== |
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{{el-noun|m|φρουροί}} |
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# [[guard]], [[guardian]] {{gl|a person who, or thing that, protects or watches over something}} |
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====Declension==== |
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{{el-nM-ος-οι-1|φρουρ}} |
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====Related terms==== |
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{{rel2|el |
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|φρουρώ |
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===References=== |
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{{reflist}} |
Revision as of 19:25, 17 May 2024
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From προ- (pro-, “forwards”) + ὁράω (horáō, “to see”) + -ος (-os, second declension ending). οο (oo) changed to ου (ou) by crasis and the π (p) changed to φ (ph) by influence of the ῾ (h) sound.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pʰruː.rós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pʰruˈros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ɸruˈros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /fruˈros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /fruˈros/
Noun
φρουρός • (phrourós) m (genitive φρουροῦ); second declension
- (either literally or figuratively) watcher, watchman, guard
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.6.3:
- καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι στρατεύσαντες ἐς Πλάταιαν σῖτόν τε ἐσήγαγον καὶ φρουροὺς ἐγκατέλιπον
- kaì metà taûta hoi Athēnaîoi strateúsantes es Plátaian sîtón te esḗgagon kaì phrouroùs enkatélipon
- And after this, the Athenians, after marching into Plataea, brought in food and left behind guards
- καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι στρατεύσαντες ἐς Πλάταιαν σῖτόν τε ἐσήγαγον καὶ φρουροὺς ἐγκατέλιπον
- 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 560b:
- τελευτῶσαι δὴ οἶμαι κατέλαβον τὴν τοῦ νέου τῆς ψυχῆς ἀκρόπολιν, αἰσθόμεναι κενὴν μαθημάτων τε καὶ ἐπιτηδευμάτων καλῶν καὶ λόγων ἀληθῶν, οἳ δὴ ἄριστοι φρουροί τε καὶ φύλακες ἐν ἀνδρῶν θεοφιλῶν εἰσι διανοίαις.
- teleutôsai dḕ oîmai katélabon tḕn toû néou tês psukhês akrópolin, aisthómenai kenḕn mathēmátōn te kaì epitēdeumátōn kalôn kaì lógōn alēthôn, hoì dḕ áristoi phrouroí te kaì phúlakes en andrôn theophilôn eisi dianoíais.
- 1969 translation by Paul Shorey
- And in the end, I suppose, they seize the citadel of the young man's soul, finding it empty and unoccupied by studies and honorable pursuits and true discourses, which are the best watchmen and guardians in the minds of men who are dear to the gods.
- τελευτῶσαι δὴ οἶμαι κατέλαβον τὴν τοῦ νέου τῆς ψυχῆς ἀκρόπολιν, αἰσθόμεναι κενὴν μαθημάτων τε καὶ ἐπιτηδευμάτων καλῶν καὶ λόγων ἀληθῶν, οἳ δὴ ἄριστοι φρουροί τε καὶ φύλακες ἐν ἀνδρῶν θεοφιλῶν εἰσι διανοίαις.
Declension
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ φρουρός ho phrourós |
τὼ φρουρώ tṑ phrourṓ |
οἱ φρουροί hoi phrouroí | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ φρουροῦ toû phrouroû |
τοῖν φρουροῖν toîn phrouroîn |
τῶν φρουρῶν tôn phrourôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ φρουρῷ tôi phrourôi |
τοῖν φρουροῖν toîn phrouroîn |
τοῖς φρουροῖς toîs phrouroîs | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν φρουρόν tòn phrourón |
τὼ φρουρώ tṑ phrourṓ |
τοὺς φρουρούς toùs phrouroús | ||||||||||
Vocative | φρουρέ phrouré |
φρουρώ phrourṓ |
φρουροί phrouroí | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
References
- “φρουρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Greek
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φρουρός (phrourós).[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
φρουρός • (frourós) m (plural φρουροί)
Declension
Declension of φρουρός
Related terms
- φρουρώ (frouró)
References
- ^ “φρουρός”, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms prefixed with προ-
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ος
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- Greek terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Greek learned borrowings from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek nouns
- Greek masculine nouns
- Greek nouns declining like 'αδελφός'