隆: difference between revisions

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m clean up some labels; add missing space after *; {{zh-noun}} -> {{head|zh|noun}}, {{zh-hanzi}} -> {{head|zh|hanzi}} per WT:RFDO#All templates in Category:Chinese headword-line templates except Template:zh-noun, WT:RFDO#Template:zh-noun; fix some lang codes (manually assisted)
 
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===Compounds===
===Compounds===
{{col3|zh|乾隆//|隆隆聲|克隆斯臺|吉隆坡|咕隆|喀麥隆|國運昌隆|基隆市|基隆廟口|基隆河|大呼隆|大陸隆堆|大陸隆起|德劭譽隆|德隆望尊|德隆望重|昌隆|李隆基|汙隆|沙隆|波隆那|海洋隆起|穹隆|興隆|蒲隆地|西鄉隆盛|豐隆|轟隆|道高德隆|郅隆|郝隆晒書|隆中對|隆中山|隆乳|隆冬|隆刑峻法|隆古賤今|隆名|隆寒|隆崇|隆德|隆恩|隆恩曠典|隆恩盛德|隆情|隆愛|隆昌|隆暑|隆替|隆極|隆正|隆汙|隆河|隆河谷地|隆渥|隆準|隆盛|隆穹|隆窯|隆窳|隆美爾|隆興|隆貴|隆起|隆運|隆重|隆隆|隆顏|隆鼻|隆中|隆胸|基隆|永隆|生意興隆|恰爾隆}}
{{col3|zh|乾隆//|隆隆聲|克隆斯臺|吉隆坡|咕隆|喀麥隆|國運昌隆|基隆市|基隆廟口|基隆河|大呼隆|大陸隆堆|大陸隆起|德劭譽隆|德隆望尊|德隆望重|昌隆|李隆基|汙隆|沙隆|波隆那|海洋隆起|穹隆|興隆|蒲隆地|西鄉隆盛|豐隆|轟隆|道高德隆|郅隆|郝隆晒書|隆中對|隆中山|隆乳|隆冬|隆刑峻法|隆古賤今|隆名|隆寒|隆崇|隆德|隆恩|隆恩曠典|隆恩盛德|隆情|隆愛|隆昌|隆暑|隆替|隆極|隆正|隆汙|隆河|隆河谷地|隆渥|隆準|隆盛|隆穹|隆窯|隆窳|隆美爾|隆興|隆貴|隆起|隆運|隆重|隆隆|隆顏|隆鼻|隆中|隆胸|基隆|永隆|生意興隆|恰爾隆|努隆吉}}


===References===
===References===

Latest revision as of 00:09, 20 May 2024

隆 U+9686, 隆
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9686
← 隅
[U+9685] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 隇 →
[U+9687]

隆 U+F9DC, 隆
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9DC
← 率
[U+F9DB] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 利 →
[U+F9DD]
𨺓 U+28E93, 𨺓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-28E93
← 𨺒
[U+28E92] 		CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B 𨺔 →
[U+28E94]

Translingual[edit]

Japanese 隆
Simplified 隆
Traditional 隆

Alternative forms[edit]

Note that there is no line above 生 in Japanese shinjitai. A CJK compatibility ideograph (U+F9DC) exists for the kyūjitai form of 隆 which has an extra line above 生. Due to Han unification, the Chinese form (with line above 生) and Japanese form (without line) are encoded under the same codepoint. The character 𨺓 (U+28E93) exists for the Chinese form with no line above 生.

Han character[edit]

隆 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+9, 12 strokes in Chinese, 11 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 弓中竹水一 (NLHEM), four-corner 77214, composition ⿰阝⿳夂一生(GHTKV) or ⿰阝⿱夂生(J) or ⿰阝㚅)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1356, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41720
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1860, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4148, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+9686

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 隆
alternative forms
 
𤯲
𨹠
𨹿
𨺓
𨺚
𤯲
𨹠
𨹿
𨺓
𨺚
𨺼
𨻦
𨼇

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (夅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
贛 *kluːmʔ, *kluːms, *kromʔ, *kloːms
灨 *kluːmʔ, *kluːms
竷 *kʰluːms
戇 *kr'oːms, *qʰloːms
洚 *kruːŋs, *ɡruːŋ, *ɡloːŋ, *ɡluːŋ
降 *kruːŋs, *ɡruːŋ
絳 *kruːŋs
栙 *ɡruːŋ
夅 *ɡruːŋ
跭 *ɡruːŋ
隆 *ɡ·ruːŋ
癃 *ɡ·ruːŋ
窿 *ɡ·ruːŋ
霳 *ɡ·ruːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·ruːŋ) : phonetic 降 (OC *kruːŋs, *ɡruːŋ) + semantic 生, with 𡕒 later dropped.

Etymology[edit]

"eminent; high"
Schuessler (2007) suggests it is of Austroasiatic origin; cognate with Khmer រុង (rung, “large; prosperous; prominent”), Khmer ស្រុង (srong, “(of clothing) very long”), 崇 (OC *zruŋ, “high”).
"thunder"
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-bru(ŋ/k) (“dragon; thunder”) (STEDT). Cognate with 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ, “dragon”), 雹 (OC *bruːɡ, “hail”), Tibetan འབྲུག ('brug, “thunder; dragon”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: lōng - in some compounds in Mainland, e.g. 轟隆／轰隆 (hōnglōng), 咕隆 (gūlōng), 黑咕隆咚.
Note: lung4-2 - as the second syllable in two-character business names.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 隆
Mandarin Beijing /luŋ³⁵/
Harbin /luŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /luŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /luŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /ləŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /luŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /luŋ²⁴/
Xining /luə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /luŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /lũn⁵³/
Ürümqi /luŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /noŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /noŋ³¹/
Guiyang /noŋ²¹/
Kunming /loŋ¹/
Nanjing /loŋ²⁴/
Hefei /ləŋ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /luəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /luŋ¹³/
Hohhot /lũŋ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /loŋ²³/
Suzhou /loŋ¹³/
Hangzhou /loŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /loŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /lʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /lin⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /loŋ¹³/
Xiangtan /nən¹²/
Gan Nanchang /luŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /luŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan /luŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /loŋ²¹/
Nanning /luŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /luŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /liɔŋ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /lyŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /lœyŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /loŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /loŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 隆
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 東 (2)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力中切
Baxter ljuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɨuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/liuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/liuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/luwŋ/
Li
Rong 		/liuŋ/
Wang
Li 		/lĭuŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/li̯uŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lóng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lung4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 隆 隆
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lóng lóng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ljuwng › ‹ ljuwng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[r]uŋ/ /*[r]uŋ/ (< * -[u]m)
English sound of thunder high; ample; eminent

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 隆
Reading # 1/1
No. 6286
Phonetic
component 		夅
Rime
group 		終
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		隆
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡ·ruːŋ/

Definitions[edit]

隆

  1. plentiful; abundant; magnificent
  2. deep; profound
  3. prosperous; thriving
  4. protruding; swollen; high
  5. (onomatopoeia) sound of thunder or explosion
  6. (Malaysia, Singapore) Short for 吉隆坡 (Jílóngpō).

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 隆
Kyūjitai
[1]
隆
&#xF9DC;
or
隆+&#xFE00;?
隆󠄁
隆+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
隆󠄆
隆+&#xE0106;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

隆

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 隆)

  1. noble
  2. prosperous

Readings[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

隆(たかし) or 隆(ゆたか) • (Takashi or Yutaka) 

  1. a male given name

隆(りゅう) • (Ryū) 

  1. a unisex given name

References[edit]

  1. ^ “隆”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

隆 (eumhun 클 륭 (keul ryung), word-initial (South Korea) 클 융 (keul yung))

  1. Hanja form? of 륭/융 (“prosperous, plentiful, abundant”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

隆: Hán Nôm readings: long, lung

  1. Prosperous/Prosperity

Compounds[edit]

  1. 隆新, Village of Long Tân, Vietnam
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